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№ 8š(196),š24šaugustš2016
Pedagogics
Bebeshko L.O. EDUCATIONAL SITUATION AS A MEANS OF SPEECH CULTURE DEVELOPINGModern society, characterized by a highest level of informatizaton, openness and mobility, has set the education system a task of developing a person with a perfect speech culture. Speech culture is an inseparable part of any person's personality traits. Developing one's personality is obviously connected with the processes of human interaction and mutual understanding. Mastering speech culture appears to be the most important thing today. One of the personal results of completing a general education school course is mastering language means such as the skill of clearly, logically and accurately expressing one's point of view, using relevant language means. The Federal National General School Education Standard states that the ability to cooperate with peers, younger children and adults in educational, social, research and project activities reflects a person's results of completing a general education school course. The ability to efficiently communicate and interact in joint activities, take into account other participants' attitudes and opinions, efficiently settle conflicts is indicative of metasubject results of a general education school course completed. It is the interaction technologies that can ensure that all participants of the education process are active and creative doers. As a result of the study we have substantiated the Speech Culture Development Technology based on educational situations. We have also specified its essential characteristics, such as activating learning and cognitive functions; creating psychological and educational conditions to master the required scope of knowledge and skills necessary to develop and improve speech culture; learners' interacting with the educator, their cooperating, arranging and managing the education process. The major conclusion resulting from the study is that developing speech culture will be efficient and successful if the stages of the suggested technology are followed, all the participants of the education process are engaged in the speaking activities and, finally, educational situations are built following the suggested recommendations. Key words: speech, speaking activities, speech culture, conversational situation, educational situation.
Vitun E.V., Vitun V.G. THE DETERMINATION OF THE CONDITIONS FORMATION STUDENTS' PERSONAL QUALITIES IN THE PROCESS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATIONImproving the quality requirements of modern education makes it necessary to improve the efficiency of the training process in higher education. Due to the fact that the key to a successful academic and future professional activities are personal and volitional qualities scientists discussed ways of familiarizing students in physical education as one of the priorities of their development funds. Purpose. To determine the means of physical culture, contributing to the formation of will and personal qualities of students. The definition of the students' basic volitional qualities in the course of physical training was carried out as a result of the research work, which included the following empirical methods: observation, survey questionnaires, practical tests. The questionnaire offered students reveals the degree of formation of students' volitional component of the theory and practical tests show results of formation of these qualities. The work on the evaluation of the formation of strong-willed personality traits and suggests a lack of degree of development of volitional component, as well as the lack of understanding of the students benefit from physical training to optimize the physical and psychophysiological status of students necessary for future professional activities. To improve the efficiency of employment on physical training in high school should transform the educational process in the discipline. It is necessary to provide students with the basic means of contributing to the formation of personal and volitional qualities, and based on them to form a need-motivational sphere of each student in physical education.Key words: physical education, professional training, personal qualities, strong-willed qualities, means and methods of physical culture.
Gaten J.V. FORMATION OF SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL COMPETENCE OF THE FUTURE EXPERTS IN TRANSPORT LOGISTICSThe article is devoted to the training of specialists in transport logistics in higher education. The necessity in specialists, possessing not only fundamental theoretical knowledge and practical skills in the field of technology of transport processes, but also possess the social and psychological skills in solving complex problems of transport logistics. The author analyzes in detail and reveals the contents of the main structural components of socialš— psychological competence of logistics: cognitive, communicative, managerial, motivational and reflexive. Specifies the list of professionally important socioš— psychological knowledge, skills, and psychological characteristics of the personality needed for the success of the graduates. In order to form the socio-psychological competence of the students, it was designed by the author of the content and teaching and methodical maintenance of discipline «Transport Psychology», provided the curriculum toward training 03.23.01 «Technology of transport processes.» Distinctive features of the course is not only professionally oriented content of socio-psychological knowledge and skills, but also active use of innovative teaching methods that increase the activity of the students, their motivation for teaching and professional activities, allow to pass from passive assimilation of knowledge to their active use in simulated or real situations of professional activity in the transport sector. Particular attention is given to the detailed description of the organization of design activity of students in the training of transport psychology. The article presents the results of experimental work carried out on the basis of the Samara University Institute of aviation equipment, the formation of socio-psychological competence of the future experts in the field of air transport and integrated transport security.Key words: transport logistics, socio-psychological competence, transport psychology, training logistics.
Kuznetsov V.V., Kruchinina O.V. EDUCATIONAL AND PRODUCTION PRACTICIANS AS MEANS OF FORMATION OF COMPETITIVENESS OF FUTURE SECRETARY-REVIEWERSThe article considers opportunities of educational and industrial practice in forming competitiveness of a future specialist using the example of a secretary-reviewer. The authors base their work on the studies of individual competitiveness researchers (N.G.šAgeeva, V.šAdolf, V.I.šAndreev, Y.V.šAndreeva, R.Y.šAhmetshin, L.A.šBodian, M.G.šVetrova, N.A.šZhuranova and others). The authors mentioned believe, that at the heart of competitiveness there is risk-taking, self-confidence, hard work, resistance to stress, clear goals and value orientations etc. The authors elicit professionally important personal features of a secretary-reviewer, basing on her professiogram developed by E.S.šRomanova. The professiogram elicits such professionally important personal features as high sustainability to disturbances, good motor skills, well-developed auditory and visual memory, being able to sort out handwriting, emotional resistance, punctuality, carefulness, orderliness, reliability, tactfulness, communicability etc. In the article the authors describes experimental work, carried out in Orenburg Humanitarian and Technical college. The conclusion is made that competitiveness of future secretary-reviewers can be risen considerably during educational and industrial practice. Key words: competitiveness, secretary-reviewer, educational and industrial practice, formation of competitiveness of future secretary-reviewers.
Ksenofontova A.N., Ledeneva A.V. CONCEPTION OF CREATING PERSONAL EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENTSignificant changes in education related to the increasing technological opportunities offered by Open Educational Resources (OER) and Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) let us develop new approaches to solve the problems connected with limited perception of new knowledge. This makes possible to make learning more efficient due to personalizing the education content which involves information about the participants of the educational process. A wide variety of approaches to defining personal educational environment requires specifying the conceptual framework of this phenomenon. As a result of the study we have described special characteristics of personal educational environment as well as individual and private environment. We have discovered that personal educational environment is based on the process of self-education (autodidacticism) organized by means of information and communication technologies. Personalized education refers to education in which the pace of learning and teaching approaches are adjusted to a particular learner's needs. Methodological approaches, goals of education as well as its contentsš— all can vary depending on learners' needs. Besides, educational activities in this context act as a sense-making element of the personal educational environment as they aim at increasing the learner's enthusiasm and interest. The main conclusion of the study is substantiating the Personological and Activity approaches for the purposes of designing personal educational environment based on the principles of innovative pedagogics. We have also described the specific principles of creating personal educational environment. The process of its creation includes seven sequential steps carried out in certain structural and pedagogical conditions, such as maintaining learners' motivation to learn; enriching the contents of education with innovative ways of learning contributing to learners' developing into active and creative doers; getting the participants of the educational process involved in autodidacticism based on information and communication technologies.Key words: autodidacticism (self-education), personalization, personalized education, Personological approach, instructional design, educational environment.
Merculova L.V. THE ASSESSMENT OF A TEACHER'S READINESS TO THE PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY IN THE PERSONALIZED EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENTNowadays the problem of the professional and educational activities' personalizing, polivector of formal, non-formal and informal education in science is updated by the requirements of teaching practice in connection with the introduction of the teacher's professional standard. The future teachers' preparation in educational institutions requires updating and adaptation of the basic professional educational programs at all levels of higher education, taking into account the requirements of professional standards. In this regard, there is a problem of formation of readiness assessment criteria and indicators of the teacher and student to professional pedagogical activity based on the content of the generalized and specific job functions denoted in the professional standards. Thus, the solution of the teaching professional problems requires consideration of the state request of the teacher according to the professional standards, the conditions for the implementation of the requirements of the teacher's own professional shortages and modernization of the process of preparing future teachers, taking into account the student's personal educational results. The article describes the experience of the development and testing of the project «The assessment of a graduate's readiness for professional work». The project is aimed to solve urgent problems of the Russian educational system in the sphere of modernization of teacher education, the introduction of the Federal State Educational Standard at all levels of education, and the introduction of professional standards of educators. The project is based on the principle of student's preparation polyvector, the institutional support of his professional and pedagogical activity, and evaluation of general and professional competencies formation, taking into account their correlation with the professional standards of teachers and students. The project includes the creation of a model– constructor of student's preparation in pedagogic, the model of the qualification exam, the certification of teachers and graduates, as well as the creation of a « Funds of assessment tools « for the implementation of higher education programs through networking with pedagogical universities of the Russian Federation. Thus, the teachers' training landscape is based on the assessing of level, criteria and indicators of their readiness to the professional work, as well as the evaluation of educational deficits of teachers and students of pedagogical training areas.Key words: readiness to the professional activity, networking, independent quality assessment, modernization of pedagogical education, preparation polyvector.
PetrovÁ S.D. DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNICAL THINKING OF COLLEGE STUDENTS: CURRENT APPROACHES AND METHODS OF DIAGNOSISThe article defines the importance of the development of technical thinking of college students as a basis for the preparation of technicians for modern mechanical engineering, raketo-, aircraft and automotive industry, where physical and mechanical processes are an integral part of the work of all equipment and facilities. Obtained universal mass and specific professional and educational approaches to solving the problems of development of technical thinking youth. Given the results of testing of methods of diagnostics of technical thinking of students. The comparative test data Bennett and spatial reasoning tests I.S.šYakimanskaya, V.G.šZarkhin and H.-M.H.šKadayasa, intelligence studies R.šAmthauera, subtests Eysenck test (math skills), test Lippmann «Thinking» test «Individual styles of thinking» (Alekseev, L.šThunder). 623šcollege students were tested. We discuss the technical didactic resources heuristic tasks and assignments. The heuristic tasks were considered as a basic pedagogical tool. At the same time in the first year was dominated Testing techniques, in the second yearš— technical gamesš— contests, competitions, quizzes, the third engineering games based on the «brainstorming», «brainstorming» with the use of TRIZ, ARIZ, in the fourth yearš— Analysis specific work situations, the decision heuristic problems. In order to develop technical thinking of college students identified the following main directions of pedagogical experiment. On ascertaining step in the learning process should be developed and implemented a set of methods of diagnostics of technical thinking, which will reveal the individual characteristics of the student tier. In the formative stage formed micro-groups of students, taking into account the peculiarities of development of technical thinking on a «generator of ideasš— Support Laboratory»; in various forms of educational process implemented heuristic tasks that contribute to the development of motivation to study technical direction resource practices on non-standard work situations of professional activity.Key words: technical thinking, heuristic problems, college students, professional activity.
Prosvirkina I.I., Yakhno M.D. TECHNIQUE OF WORK WITH THE MODERN POLITICAL TEXTS ON LESSONS WITH FOREIGNERSIn this article the authors dissertate about the importance of teaching materials, in particular text, in the classroom reading instruction with foreign students. It is important that the article attempts to determine the criteria of «usefulness» and the importance of a text that could serve as didactic material. On the basis of the criteria put forward by the authors conclude that in the classroom with foreigners must be entered as a didactic material modern political text (for example, the texts of the weekly newspaper «Arguments and Facts»). Based on the analysis of political texts the authors proposed a method of work in the classroom with reading foreign-language students, which is designed for students who have reached a basic level certification (TBU), the first certification level (TRKI-1) above. In this article is also proposed a methodology of work with political texts at training student to read. The idea of this method is concluded in phased analysis: firstly, in a system of questions that detect understanding of key positions in the text; ascertaining the meaning of paragraphs for a supply of students and to the definition of the main ideas of the text; secondly, in making reach students'' speech based on semantic links words in each particular context. The technique is designed for use among foreign language speaking students who have reached a basic level certification (TBU), the first certification level (TRKI-1) and above. The authors believe that the developed method predtekstovoy work for classroom reading will be able to expand students' knowledge, to increase the level of knowledge in Russian language.
Philological sciences
Basyrova G.á. METHODS OF FORMING AND TYPES OF REPEATS IN BASHKIR SPEAKINGAny Bashkir monosyllabic root word, with only a few exceptions, is capable of one or more types of doubling. Within different parts of speech repetitions are varied in their formation and differ from each other in their meanings. Until today repetitions have been considered as a kind of compound words; as one syntactic category. The main reason is the lack of study of word repetitions, pair words and formal attitude to the structure of words in the Bashkir language. It is the first time an article has unravelled words formed by the method of doubling that express such meanings as plurality, repetition, increase in volume, increased intensity and duration of an action on the basis of the Bashkir language. According to the structure, repetitions are divided into two types: full (absolute) and partial (reduced) repetitions. As for their place in a sentence, simple repetitions, anaphora and epiphora are distinguished. Repetitions differ from compound words in their semantic and stylistic function and serve as a separate syntactic construction. They strengthen emotionality of colloquial speech, help to show enhancement of an action, psychological state, man's internal experience.Key words: repetition, an epifor, an anaphora, informal conversation, absolute, reduced, full, not full.
Gabidullina A.T., Abdullina G.R. LEXICAL DESIGNATIONS OF OF CLOTHES AND JEWELRY IN STUDIES OF TURKIC LANGUAGES (FROM THE HISTORY OF THE STUDY OF THE ISSUE)History of the study of the vocabulary of clothing and jewellery in Egypt is considered one of the unsolved problems of linguistics. In existing studies, the focus is only on linguistic works, at the same time established that this thematic group of vocabulary is the subject of research attention of scholars of various branches of science. An overview of the sources and scientific literature for the study of culture, Ethnography and language of the Turks suggests that the tokens that are included in thematic group «Clothing and jewelry», is an important part of the vocabulary of the Turkic languages. On the basis of the conducted analysis it can be concluded that in most Turkic languages the industry vocabulary are studied within the framework of everyday language, of the Turkic languages today has monographs specifically on the vocabulary of clothes and jewelry.Key words: study, Turkic languages, Bashkir language, thematic group, clothes and jewelry.
Nedlin L.Ya. THE RADIKAL NEWSPAPER ABOUT QUESTIONS OF FEDERALIZATION AND AUTONOMY (TO HISTORY OF AN ETHNIC QUESTION IN RUSSIA)In the end of the 19th century until the beginning of the 20th century, the Russian Empire represented a multiethnic formation, in which interethnic and interreligious discrepancies became one of the reasons of the First Russian Revolution, and as consequence, they have led to the Empire's disruption due to the results of the Revolution in 1917. Especially the national question had led to the disruption of the Russian Empire's recipient in the 20th centuryš— of the Soviet Union and formation of national states. In order to understand the Empire's crumbling, it is important to investigate international problems in the beginning of the last century, when obvious and evident discrepancies emerged, at last, leading to the fall of the autocracy. This article represents a short overview of international relations in the Russian Empire in the end of the 19th until the beginning of the 20th century up to the Russian Revolution. This work evaluates the situation of several international discrepancies in the Far East, Siberia, Caucasus, Finland, the Baltic, Poland, and south-Russian provinces. Furthermore, this work observes political views of the journalist and publicist, and later political activist Vladimir Jabotinsky concerning the national question in Russia in the revolutionary period, tasks, which according to the journalist's opinion, faced at that moment the nation's democratic society. The article deals with several different national-cultural autonomy definitions and federal institutions of the government, as well as the relation to these understandings of political powers of Russia during the revolutionary period. Today, when the tragic events of the 20th century became history, one can conclude that the approaches towards the national question in Russia, suggested by V.E.šJabotinsky, were largely appropriate, however, unfortunately, were not recognised and accepted in the Russian society.Key words: national question, radical, V.šJabotinsky, autonomy, federation.
Biology
Sviatokha N.Y., Filimonova I.Y., Grudinin D.A., Yakovlev I.G. ECOTOURISM AS A FORM OF RECREATIONAL NATURE MANAGEMENT (IN CASE OF ORENBURG REGION)One of the forms of sustainable use of natural resources is eco-tourism contributing to environmental protection. Therefore, tourism can make a significant contribution to the preservation of nature. With proper management and planning of recreation areas, ecotourism can be an effective tool for environmental protection. The greatest development this kind of tourism has received abroad. In Russia it is presented, usually in the form of private trips to places of ecotourism. In order to talk about ecotourism as a mechanism for the preservation and protection of nature, he certainly must have an organized form. Orenburg oblast has significant resources for development of ecological tourism. In the study conducted by the recreational zoning of Orenburg region. Most promising for the development of ecological tourism in the region are the southern and Eastern areas with the natural conditions and resources, conducive to the development of this region, with a relatively low level of economic development of the territory. These zones are distinguished by the presence of a large number of attractive objects, and specially protected natural areas, natural monuments, preserved steppe areas, which can be used in ecotourism. One of the ways of preserving nature can be the development of tourism and recreation. Contrary to popular belief, organized tourism does not harm nature, protecting it. Taking into account the competitive advantages of the region, the authors came to the conclusion that in the Orenburg region promising to consider ecological tourism as a means of protection. Of course, the problems of preserving and protecting the environment can only be resolved when rational recreational nature. Thus, the term eco-tourism in the Orenburg region in conducting competent policy in the field of tourism can be an effective mechanism for the conservation of nature.
Schepin A.S. INDUCTION OF ELECTRONIC TRANSITIONS IN COLLISION COMPLEXES [O2-X], X = CO, NO, CO2, H2OSinglet oxygenš— a general term used for the two metastable states (a, b) molecular oxygen (O2) with higher energy than the triplet state (X), which is the main. It has a very high oxidation activity when interacting with the organic substances involved in the biological processes of living organisms. Mechanisms of generation of singlet oxygen are explained by emerging within the oxygen molecule intense forbidden transitions: a-X, b-a, b-X systems bimolecular collision oksokompeksov. Currently, however, such systems are poorly understood. The method CASSCF / 6-311G ++ (2p, 2d) constructed section of the potential energy surface (PES) complex formation reactions [O2-X], X = CO, NO, CO2, H2O. Taking into account the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) calculated values of the moments of forbidden radiative transitions: M (aX), M (ba), M (bX), the Einstein coefficients A (transition probabilities) in the O2 molecule in the collision with the molecules of CO, NO, CO2 , H2O and the radiative lifetime of singlet oxygen in oxo complex bimolecular collision. According to the results of the work showed that the formation of bimolecular complexes [O2-X], where X = CO, NO, CO2, H2O removed spin prohibitions, whereby it becomes possible manifestation of illicit induced transitions in the oxygen molecule: singlet-singlet ba, characterized by high values compared to intensity molecule pure O2, and singlet-triplet aX, bX (defined only in the complex [O2-NO]). Also it found that the geometrical configuration of collisional oxo complexes are directly dependent on the values of the radiative lifetime, as well as the values of the moments induced forbidden transitions.Key words: collision complexes, the radiative lifetime, the excited state of oxygen stability of weakly bound complexes.
Yamalov S.M., Tania I.V., Hasanov G.R., Lebedev M.V. TWO ASSOCIATION OF HERBACEOUS PLANT COMMUNITIES IN RIZA RELIC NATIONAL PARK (REPUBLIC OF ABKHAZIA)Subalpine meadows communities are widespread in at an altitude of 1600–2400šm above sea level in the Riza relic national park (RRNP), traditionally used as a pasture. Most of them are disturbed in a varying degree, and partially transformed to ruderal communities. So these are highly significant in nature conservation and recreation. Authors set the object to characterize two associations of meadows in RRNP. The dataset is 10šreleves executed by authors in the field season of 2013–2015. Participation of species in a vegetation was estimated on Braun-Blanquet scale. For processing of releves the software packages of TURBOVEG and JUICE are used. According to syntaxonomy analysis result communities were attributed to Potentillo ruprechtii-Campanuletum tridentatae association (Hyalopoetalia ponticae Onipchenko 2002, Salicetea herbaceae Br.-Bl. 1948) and Gentiano dshimilensi-Sibbaldietum semiglabrae association (Nardetalia Oberd. ex Preising 1949, Calluno-Ulicetea Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Klika et Hadač 1944). The first one combine low-herbage alpine meadows of low alpine belt. These are chacterized by significant snow accumulation in winter, short vegetation period and located on south slopes of mountains. The second one combine subalpine meadows communities on poor rocky soils (above 15š% of substratum rockiness). These are located on moderatly steeep north and north-west slopes. There are rare and conservation needed species in floristic composition of association: Traunsteinera sphaerica (Red book of Russian Federation included), Potentilla ruprechtii, Cystopteris fragilis, Coeloglossum viride (Red book of Krasnodar district). Communities have high nature conservation importance because of its small distribution area in RRNP and lack of sufficient protection at the present time.Key words: subalpine meadows, syntaxonomy, Riza relic national park, Republic of Abkhazia.
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Editor-in-chief |
Sergey Aleksandrovich
MIROSHNIKOV |
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