April 2017, № 4 (204)

Rusanov A.M., Ibadullayeva S.Zh., Nurgaliyeva A.A., Usen K. ORGANIZATION OF AN ASSESSMENT ALPHA AND BETA DIVERSITIES OF NATURAL VEGETATION OF NORTHEAST PRIKASPIYDevelopment of a vegetable cover in the conditions of the seaside plain of Caspian Depression happens in the following sequence: the first settler on the slabozasolennykh sandy marches is reed, at bigger salinization — klubnekamyish, on saline soils reed and клубнекамыш are replaced one-year svedy. If initial salinization is very considerable, then becomes pervoposelenets солерос. In process of lowering of ground waters (0.7–0.8 m are deeper) he is replaced svedy or solyanka of soda which give way further to a frankeniya, an akmamyk, a fire, a tonkonog and a petrosimoniya. In the conditions of strong initial salinization of deposits of east part of the seaside plain by the pioneer in development of the territory is солерос. In process of depreciation in ground waters and a rassoleniye of soils it is replaced reed, light, сарсазан, and further — one-year solyankas of an izlaka (akmamyk iazhrek). Subsequently one-year solyankas are forced out biyurguny, and cereals — an ice-hole. Distinctive feature of a vegetable cover of Prikaspiya is its spatial heterogeneity — complexity. From the factors defining spatial distribution of vegetation leading moistening conditions, salinity and mechanical composition of soils, and also a relief are. Results field botanical researches in the territory of the State National wildlife reserve Akzhayik are given in this article. It is provided data of results of monitoring of a vegetable cover. Monitoring of biometric indicators of plants and an assessment of structure of vegetation on monitoring platforms and experimental sites on phytomelioration is carried out. The condition of a tsenopopulyation of vegetable communities is studied. It is revealed that growth of population of plants happens on all monitoring platforms in the conditions of a close bedding and salinization of ground waters.Key words: vegetation, monitoring, relief, floristics, tsenopopulyation, botanical researches.

Download

References:

1. Global'no-znachimye vodno-bolotnye ugod'ya Kazahstana (Del'ta reki Ural i prilegayushchee poberezh'e Kaspijskogo morya). — Astana, 2007. — 264 s.

2. Sydykov, ZH.S. Kaspijskoe more i ego pribrezhnaya zona (prirodnye usloviya i ehkologicheskoe sostoyanie) / ZH.S. Sydykov, V.V. Golubcov, B.M. Kuandykov. — Almaty, 1995. — 211 s.

3. Polevaya geobotanika. V 5 t. — M.; L.: Nauka, 1959–1976. — T. 1. — 498 s.; T. 2. — 500 s.; T. 3. — 530 s.; T. 4. — 336 s.; T. 5. — 320 s.

4. Bykov, B.A. Geobotanika / B.A. Bykov. — Alma-Ata: Nauka, 1978. — 288 s.

5. Sochava, V.B. Geobotanicheskoe kartografirovanie / V.B. Sochava // Klassifikaciya rastitel'nosti kak ierarhiya dinamicheskih sistem. — L., 1972. — S. 3–38.

6. Metodologiya ocenki sostoyaniya i kartografirovaniya ehkosistem v ehkstremal'nyh usloviyah. — Pushchino, 1993. — 202 s.

7. Metodicheskie rekomendacii po ocenke i kartografirovaniyu sovremennogo sostoyaniya ehkosistem MNR. — Ulan-Bator, 1989. — 107 s.

8. Doskach, A.G. Prirodnoe rajonirovanie Prikaspijskoj nizmennosti / A.G. Doskach. — M. “Nauka”, 1979. — 109 s.

9. Osnovnye cherty gidrologo-gidrohimicheskogo rezhima Kaspijskogo morya v 2002 g. / D.N. Katunin i dr. // Rybohozyajstvennye issledovaniya na Kaspij: Rezul'taty NIR za 2002 g. Astrahan', 2003. — S. 9–25.

10. Ivanov, V.P. Nauchnye osnovy strategii zashchity biologicheskih resursov Kaspijskogo morya ot neftyanogo zagryazneniya / V.P. Ivanov, A.F. Sokol'skij. — Astrahan', 2000. — 170 s.

11. Botanicheskaya geografiya Kazahstana i Srednej Azii (v predelah pustynnoj oblasti). — SPb., 2003. — 424 s.

About this article

Authors: Ibadullaeva S.Zh., Nurgalieva A.A., Rusanov A.M., Usen K.

Year: 2017

Editor-in-chief

Sergey Aleksandrovich
MIROSHNIKOV

© Электронное периодическое издание: ВЕСТНИК ОГУ on-line (VESTNIK OSU on-line), ISSN on-line 1814-6465
Зарегистрировано в Федеральной службе по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций
Свидетельство о регистрации СМИ: Эл № ФС77-37678 от 29 сентября 2009 г.
Учредитель: Оренбургский государственный университет (ОГУ)
Главный редактор: С.А. Мирошников
Адрес редакции: 460018, г. Оренбург, проспект Победы, д. 13, к. 2335
Тел./факс: (3532)37-27-78 E-mail: vestnik@mail.osu.ru