Rusanov A.M., Ibadullayeva S.Zh., Nurgaliyeva A.A., Usen K.
ORGANIZATION OF AN ASSESSMENT ALPHA AND BETA DIVERSITIES OF NATURAL VEGETATION OF NORTHEAST PRIKASPIY ^{[№ 4 ' 2017]}
Development of a vegetable cover in the conditions of the seaside plain of Caspian Depression happens in the following sequence: the first settler on the slabozasolennykh sandy marches is reed, at bigger salinization — klubnekamyish, on saline soils reed and клубнекамыш are replaced one-year svedy. If initial salinization is very considerable, then becomes pervoposelenets солерос. In process of lowering of ground waters (0.7–0.8 m are deeper) he is replaced svedy or solyanka of soda which give way further to a frankeniya, an akmamyk, a fire, a tonkonog and a petrosimoniya. In the conditions of strong initial salinization of deposits of east part of the seaside plain by the pioneer in development of the territory is солерос. In process of depreciation in ground waters and a rassoleniye of soils it is replaced reed, light, сарсазан, and further — one-year solyankas of an izlaka (akmamyk iazhrek). Subsequently one-year solyankas are forced out biyurguny, and cereals — an ice-hole. Distinctive feature of a vegetable cover of Prikaspiya is its spatial heterogeneity — complexity. From the factors defining spatial distribution of vegetation leading moistening conditions, salinity and mechanical composition of soils, and also a relief are. Results field botanical researches in the territory of the State National wildlife reserve Akzhayik are given in this article. It is provided data of results of monitoring of a vegetable cover. Monitoring of biometric indicators of plants and an assessment of structure of vegetation on monitoring platforms and experimental sites on phytomelioration is carried out. The condition of a tsenopopulyation of vegetable communities is studied. It is revealed that growth of population of plants happens on all monitoring platforms in the conditions of a close bedding and salinization of ground waters.