October 2015, № 10 (185)

Rakhimova N.N., Efremov I.V., Gorshenina E.L. THE MIGRATION ABILITY OF THE RADIONUCLIDES CS-137 AND SR-90 IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF SOILSThe main real source of radioactive contamination of the soil-vegetation complex are the global radioactive fallout from the atmosphere long-lived radionuclides from nuclear tests, as well as air emissions of radionuclides associated with the work of the enterprises of the nuclear fuel cycle. As a result of the fallout radionuclides deposited on ground surface, accumulate in the soil, are included in biogeochemical cycles of migration and become new components of the soil. The soil is an important inertial element, the speed of migration of radionuclides in the soil, depend largely on the pace of their distribution throughout the chain. As a result of movement in the soil and subsequent root uptake of the radionuclides enter plant parts representing the food or feed value. The study of radionuclide migration in soil profile is one of the important approaches to the study of anthropogenic influence on the vegetation. Radionuclide migration through the soil profile occurs due to the displacement of soil particles in sost which they belong, due to the movement of soil moisture containing soluble and colloidal form, as well as the processes of adsorption and desorption. This article is devoted to the study of migration ability of radionuclides Cs-137 and Sr-90 in soil profile in different types of soils of the Orenburg region. Evaluation method of intensity of migration of radionuclides Cs-137 and Sr-90 in the profile of Chernozem and dark chestnut soils using regression equations and values λ, which is constant and depends on soil type. Built the regression equations allow us to estimate the intensity of migration of radionuclides Cs-137 and Sr-90 in soil profile. On the territory of the Orenburg region there are several potential sources of environmental pollution with radionuclides: the epicenter of a nuclear explosion Totsky military exercises, a trace of a radioactive cloud that spread after the explosion. The greatest intensity of migration of Cs-137 on a soil profile is observed at the soils easy on particle size distribution (the dark-chestnut soil), in the soil of chernozems (ordinary, typical, southern), for mineral soils (the chernozem the southern not full-developed shchebnevaty) smaller intensity is characteristic. Intensity of migration of Sr-90 in the soil of the chernozem of the southern not full-developed shchebnevaty is rather low, the greatest intensity of migration of Sr-90 on a soil profile is observed at soils of the chernozem ordinary and southern.Key words: radionuclides, cesium-137, strontium-90, profile migration, correlation analysis, steppe zone, soil types, regression equations.

Download

References:

1. Alexakhin, R. M. Agricultural radioecology / R. M. alexakhin, A.V. Vasiliev, V. G. Dikarev and others// M.: Enegrosbyt, 1992, p. 400

2. Efremov I. V. Research finding mobile forms of heavy metals and radionuclides cesium-137 and strontium-90 in soil-plant complexes of the steppe zone: in 3 volumes / V. I. Efremov, N. N. Rakhimov, Yanchuk E. L. // Actual problems of ecology.: SB. nauch. works. — Tomsk, 2004. — No. 3. P. 455 — 456

3. Efremov I. V. Mathematical modeling of radionuclide migration in soil-vegetative complexes of the Orenburg region / Efremov I. V., Rakhimov N. N., Efremova E. G. and others // Vestnik of OSU. — Orenburg, 2005. — No. 9 — P. 129 — 133.

4. Efremov I. V. Modeling soil and plant systems. — M.: publishing house of the LCI, 2008. — S. 65-70. Molchanova, I. V., Radioactive contamination of soil and vegetation / I. V.

5. Molchanov, V. N. Karavaeva, L. Mikhailovskaya, R. // Ecological-genetic analysis of the remote consequences Totsky nuclear explosion in Orenburg region in 1954 (facts, models, hypotheses). — Ekaterinburg: Uro ran, 1997. — S. 45-47.

6. Rakhimov N. N. Remediation of soils contaminated with radionuclides by the method of phytomelioration. All-Russian scientific-methodical conference "University complex as a regional center of education, science and culture". — Orenburg. stateUniv. — Orenburg :OGU, 2014. S. 997 — 1002.

7. Rakhimov N. N. Geological features of radionuclide migration S-137 and Sr-90 in soil-plant complexes of the steppe zone of Orenburg region / / Dissertation. oncompetition of a scientific degree of candidate of technical Sciences, Orenburg, 2006, P. 35 to 47

About this article

Authors: Rahimova N.N., Efremov I.V., Gorshenina E.L.

Year: 2015

Editor-in-chief

Sergey Aleksandrovich
MIROSHNIKOV

© Электронное периодическое издание: ВЕСТНИК ОГУ on-line (VESTNIK OSU on-line), ISSN on-line 1814-6465
Зарегистрировано в Федеральной службе по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций
Свидетельство о регистрации СМИ: Эл № ФС77-37678 от 29 сентября 2009 г.
Учредитель: Оренбургский государственный университет (ОГУ)
Главный редактор: С.А. Мирошников
Адрес редакции: 460018, г. Оренбург, проспект Победы, д. 13, к. 2335
Тел./факс: (3532)37-27-78 E-mail: vestnik@mail.osu.ru