Kulish N.V., Arkhipenko T.V., Ryabova A.A., Balakin I.N.
PSYCHOLOGICAL DIFFICULTIES IN STUDYING MATHEMATICS BY TECHNICAL SPECIALTIES STUDENTS ^{[№ 1 ' 2024]}
Students often face psychological difficulties in studying higher mathematics. The reason for this problem is psychological blocks and a decrease in the number of classroom hours allocated to studying the discipline. All difficulties in learning mathematics can be caused by math anxiety, fear of failure or a low grade, lack of motivation, low self-esteem and lack of confidence in one’s abilities. Research on math anxiety in the medical field was reviewed, as well as the genetic component of the inheritance of math ability and the relationship between the environment and the learning process. To solve this problem, tips have been developed to combat anxiety. To determine the causes of psychological difficulties, we used empirical methods of cognition, namely a survey and description among students of technical areas of training. According to the survey and diagram, the main reasons for the occurrence of psychological difficulties in students were identified: fear of mistakes and failures, unsatisfactory experience in the past, confusion in basic terms and concepts, lack of motivation, insufficient support, fear of mathematical symbols, negative attitude towards oneself. Solving these difficulties often requires an individual approach, support from teachers and parents, and finding ways to make mathematics more accessible and understandable to the student. An important role is played by the absence of some topics in the study of the discipline. To identify such gaps, the authors of the study conducted a comparative analysis of the work programs of some educational institutions in the country where the discipline “Mathematics” is studied for the training direction 03/20/01 “Technosphere Safety”. Having analyzed the work programs of universities, we can conclude that in some universities there are not enough hours allocated for lectures, and there are also visible differences in topics that affect students’ mastery of the specialty. A survey was compiled for students in technical specialties to determine the most frequently used and effective method, according to students. As a result, it was revealed that the most popular method is sports and hobbies, and the most ineffective method is a diary of feelings.

Balalin S.V., Fokin V.P.
THE USE OF TRAVOPROST IN THE TREATMENT OF PRIMARY OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA ^{[№ 12 ' 2015]}
The results of the use of travoprost in the treatment of 186 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (224 eyes). The selection of patients for medical treatment carried out on the basis of achieving the target intraocular pressure after instillation of 0.004 % solution of Travatan. 24 hours after instillation of the drug in patients performed repeated measurements of IOP investigated field of view, the ocular pulse is determined and the target tolerant intraocular pressure. Reducing elevated intraocular pressure to tolerance was assessed by improving hemodynamic parameters of the study eye ocular pulse: increasing the value of the elasticity index of intraocular vessels (IEIV) over 1.3 mm³/mm Hg and an index of the adequacy of blood supply to the eye, which should be less than 12 mm Hg/mm³. Intraocular pressure amid instillation Travatan decreased from (22,6 ± 0,1) mm Hg up to (14,5 ± 0.1) mm Hg — 8.1 mm Hg (35.8 %) and it was 2.0 mm Hg below the average pressure tolerant (16,5 mm Hg ± 0.1 mm Hg). Tackling drug treatment using travatanovoy samples and identify tolerant IOP allowed to stabilize glaucomatous process against the background of medical treatment during the year in 96.8 % of cases (217 eyes). The results confirm the practical value travatanovoy sample and determine the clinical significance of a tolerant and target pressure in patients with primary open angle glaucoma. In order to achieve the stabilization of visual functions needed to fluctuations in intraocular pressure against the background of medical treatment did not exceed the tolerance pressure.

Naumenko V.V., Balashevich L.I., Kladko M.A., Pravosudova M.M.
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH REFRACTORY FORMS OF OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA WITH ONE COMPONENT DRAINAGE DEVICES ^{[№ 12 ' 2015]}
Today the problem of surgical treatment of refractory forms of open-angle glaucoma remains unresolved. A distinctive feature of these forms of glaucoma is fast scarring produced during traditional surgery ways outflow of fluid, that leads to recurrence of elevated intraocular pressure. The most perspective direction in this problem is using in glaucoma surgery various drainage devices. There are suggested a great number of implants and drainage devices of different designs and materials used in their manufacture. The aim of the present review article is to analyze the data of foreign and national literature on the results of refractory forms of open-angle glaucoma treatment with one component drainage devices: Ex-PRESS shunt, Gold micro-shunt, IStent, acrylic shunt, leucosapphire explantodgainage. The search and improvement of the optimal one-component drainage device, provided the safe and effective treatment of patients with refractory open-angle glaucoma, remain still actually.

Fokin V.P., Ezhova E.A., Balalin S.V.
CONTACT CORRECTION OF AMETROPIA AFTER LASIK ^{[№ 12 ' 2015]}
We observed 20 patients who had previously been held excimer laser vision correction. The median age was — 26.8 ± 0.27 years. Patients were divided into two groups of 10 (10 eyes). In group 1 uncorrected visual acuity (UNCA) averaged 0.24 ± 0.01, sphere-equivalent (SE) — 1.58 ± 0.1 diopters, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) — 0.98 ± 0.01. In group 2 UNCA averaged 0.23 ± 0.01, SE — 1.63 ± 0.1 diopters, BCVA — 0.99 ± 0.01. Patients in one group were assigned to the soft contact lens (SCL) ("1-Day Acuvue TruEye") in daily wear. Patients in group 2 were assigned orthokeratology contact lenses (OKL) ("Emerald"), used during sleep. Research UNCA, BCVA, SE, holding biomicroscopy was performed at 1, 3 and 6 months after the appointment of a contact lens (CL). Within 1 month of observation in the appointment of CL was obtained significant (p < 0.05) increase and decrease UNCA, SE in group 2. Significant differences in BCVA between the use of OKL and SCL has not been received (p > 0.05), which indicates a positive effect on the equivalent of both options on the parameters KL BCVA. Using OKL, as well as SCL, allows to obtain high functional results of vision correction, and given a certain congruence of OKL and the profile of the cornea after LASIK, provides an additional opportunity to achieve a stable and comfortable vision for the patient.

Balalin S.V., Fokin V.P.
OPTIC NERVE TOLERANCE AND INTOLERANCE IN NORMAL TENSION GLAUCOMA ^{[№ 12 ' 2014]}
Definition of tolerant intraocular pressure and sensitivity index of the optic nerve to the intolerance of IOP with enhanced diagnostic capability of primary open-angle glaucoma. Normal pressure glaucoma should be considered as one of the clinical entities of primary open-angle glaucoma with a low level of tolerance of the optic nerve.

Balashevich L.I., Nigmatov B.F., Dzhusoev T.M.
HYDRORETINOPEXY EFFICIENCY IN SURGERY OF PRIMARY RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT ^{[№ 12 ' 2014]}
The main stages of surgery extrascleral primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment are the localization of its rupture, creating a contact with the choroid retinal detachment, retinal tear and blocking software stand chorioretinal adhesion around the retinal break.

Ezhova E.A., Melikhova I.A., Balalin S.V., Makovkin E.M.
CYTOMORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOMECHANICAL CHANGES IN CORNEA ASSOCIATED WITH APPLICATION OF ORTHOKERATOLOGICAL CONTACT LENSES IN MYOPIC CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS ^{[№ 12 ' 2014]}
Corneal status was assessed in 54 myopic patients (108 eyes) by means of confocal microscopy and rigidometry of corneoscleral membrane before and over the period of orthokeratological lens application. It was revealed that confocal microscopy enables evaluating cytomorphological changes in cornea, while rigidometry makes it possible to assess biomechanical after-effects of OCL wearing as well as their safety on a customized basis with regard to histomorphological state of corneal structures, findings of corneoscleral rigidity factor and level of intraocular pressure.

Balalin S.V., Fokin V.P.
RISK FACTORS AND TOLERANT INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA ^{[№ 4 ' 2013]}
A study of target intraocular pressure was performed basing on values of tolerant pressure in 1310 patients (1638 eyes) with primary open-angle glaucoma. It was established that level of tolerant and target intraocular pressure tends to decrease with age increment, elongation of anterior-posterior eye globe dimension, aggravation of glaucoma stage. Increase of diastolic blood pressure in brachial artery is characterized by growth of tolerant and target values of intraocular pressure.

Balashevich L.I., Kachanov A.B., Varavka A.A., Bauer S.M., Zimin B.A.
CLINICAL ABERROMETRY AT LENS PATHOLOGY ^{[№ 4 ' 2013]}
The authors described Hartmann-Schek aberrometric changes in patients with nuclear and cortical cataract and also in patients with lens subluxation. The authors confirmed, that vertical coma is a very important aberrometric sign in patients with lens subluxation.

Boriskina L.N., Balalin S.V., Makovkin E.M.
CORNEOSCLERAL RIGIDITY AS A CUMULATIVE BIOMETRIC PARAMETER ^{[№ 4 ' 2013]}
Examination of corneoscleral rigidity by means of dynamic differentiated tonometry was performed in 640 healthy persons (640 eyes). Rigidity factor is a cumulative parameter, comprising various characteristics, such as age, corneal thickness, anterior-posterior ocular globe size, clinical refraction.

Kachanov A.B., Balashevich L.I., Bauer S.M., Zimin B.A., Novak Ya.N.
TONOMETRIC IOP INDICATORS AFTER LASIK SURGERY FOR MYOPIA ^{[№ 4 ' 2013]}
Myopic LASIK provokes to decreasing of central corneal thickness and correlates with the post-LASIK reducing of pneumotonometry and Maklakoff tonometry. The authors confirmed, that pneumotonometry data reducing more faster, than Maklakoff one, but there is statistical significant reducing of tonometric IOP in both cases.

Balashevich L.I., Nikulin S.A., Kachanov A.B., Yefimov O.A., Churakov T.K., Zavyalov A.I.
TO THE QUESTION OF REFRACTIVE RESULT REGRESSION IN LONG-TERM PERIOD AFTER LASIK SURGERY ^{[№ 12 ' 2012]}
Nowadays LASIK is the most widespread surgical method for myopia correction. But the received refractive result is not always remains resistant. In the long follow-up period after operation substantial growth of a corneal thickness in the central part is observed. The increase in a thickness first of all connected with morphology of the interface between flap and corneal bed. Regress of operation result and its expressiveness depend on initial degree of myopia, time after intervention, and structural changes in operated tissue.

Naumenko V.V., Balashevich L.I., Kachurin A.E.
NATIONAL LEUCOSAPPHIRE EXPLANTODRAINAGE APPLICATION IN HYPOTENSIVE SURGERY AT PATIENTS WITH REFRACTORY FORMS OF OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA ^{[№ 12 ' 2012]}
There are represented comparative clinical results of operations: explantodrainage surgery of anterior chamber by leucosapphire drainage and sinustrabeculectomy in typical methods. In 3 months after operation IOP normalization was achieved at 130 patients (91,8%) and was kept in long-term period (3,0±2,5 years) at 67,3% patients.

Shunkevitch O.N., MelikhovaI.A., BoriskinaL.N., BalalinS.V.
ROLE OF DESCEMETOGONIOPUNCTURE IN NORMALIZATION OF INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE IN CASES OF IOP ELEVATION IN THE EARLY POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD AFTER MICROINVASIVE NON-PENETRATING DEEP SCLERECTOMY ^{[№ 12 ' 2012]}
There were analyzed reasons, inducing elevation of intraocular pressure in 49 patients (49 eyes) with primary open-angle glaucoma in 1–3 months following microinvasive non-penetrating deep sclerectomy. A high thickness of trabecular Descemet membrane and presence of hypoechoic contents within the intrascleral space are the main factors leading to worsening of aqueous humor outflow and elevation of IOP in the early postoperative period. Normalization of IOP level basing on findings of ultrasound biometry was achieved in all the patients due to laser Descemetogoniopuncture.

Balapanov M.Kh., Zinnurov I.B., Mukhamediyanov U.Kh., Musalimov R.Sh.
SUPERIONIC CONDUCTIVITY AND DIFFUSION OF CATIONS AT COPPER SULPHIDE, ALLOYED WITH ALUMINIUM AND MAGNESIUM ^{[№ 6 ' 2007]}
The measuring results of kinetic characteristics changes of ionic constituent of hard solutions on the base of Cu2-хS with temperature interval 320-430°С are presented in this article. It is shown that alloy addition of the given mixture with aluminium and magnesium does not lead to abrupt change of ionic conductivity. Unhydrogen type of temperature dependence of coefficient of conjugate chemical diffusion of cations and holes is marked as for binary compound Cu1,98S as at alloy addition.