November 2015, № 11 (186)

Hadzharov M.H. LOGIC OF JUSTIFICATION OF PRIORITY OF RATIONAL METHOD OF COGNITION IN PHYLOSOPHY IN METHODOLOGY OF DESCARTESThe process of formation of classical science was accompanied by the emergence of two trends in the development of scientific knowledge — empirical and rational, each of which had insisted on its priorities in the area of production of scientific knowledge. Empiricism and rationalism retained its relevance to the present day and still perform alternative levels of knowledge. In the West European scientific community are ardent followers of one or the other direction. This suggests that the dilemma of "empiricism-rationalism" has not lost its relevance in our time. In this regard, it makes sense to investigate the problem of formation of methodological base of rationalism in the philosophy of R. Descartes. Descartes said that the truth is always accidentally wandering in the labyrinth of knowledge. For science, this is unacceptable, because the scientific knowledge of the search for truth requires an accurate method. The method is that tool that takes a random act of finding the truth in a strictly regulated and controlled process of learning, based on the clear "rules of the mind" that allow to separate the true from the false. As such a method may be adopted deductive system, superior to all other methods, which gives arguments for making it as an ideal of scientific knowledge. Science needs such knowledge, which has the properties of universality, and the need for sustainability. Knowledge of having such properties does not able to give us a sensual experience, but able to be obtained only by means of mind. The mind is based on the idea (belonging to a deductive system), which seem clear and distinct, and can be recognized universally valid criterion of knowledge. Clarity and precision constitute the basic methodological foundations. On this basis, we can assume that all mathematical knowledge is true because mathematics is associated with clarity and precision. As a result, there is the belief that science using mathematical knowledge can discover the laws governing material bodies to the extent that these laws are a reflection of mathematical relationships.Key words: knowledge, doubt, clarity, evidence, truth, mathematics, method, substance, congenital ideas, intellectual intuition, deductive system, mekhanitsistsky model of the world.

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About this article

Author: Hadzharov M.H.

Year: 2015

Editor-in-chief

Sergey Aleksandrovich
MIROSHNIKOV

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