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July 2015, № 7 (182)

Popova O.V. TRANSFORMATION OF ETHNO-CULTURAL OLD BELIEVER COMMUNITIES IN FOREIGN COUNTRIESFor a long time the Old Believers or settlers, different in the place of output, formed several local ethnic and cultural groups. Settling of Old Believers abroad (in Eastern and South-Eastern Europe, Western Prichudie, Turkey, China, USA, Bolivia, Uruguay) took place stepwise. The study of basic space-temporal parameters of the settlement of the Old Believers allowed to trace the specifics of formation and transformation of the Old Believer communities. Historical and geographical periodization resettlement process coincides with the main ranges of the Old Believers. The main periods, which are related to the settlement of individual regions and countries: I "European" (end XVII — early XVIII centuries.), II "Asia-Turkey" (the end of XVIII — XIX centuries.), III "American-Australian (first half of XX century), IV "American" (mid XX century.). Various factors (economic, social, political, cultural, and others) significantly affected the process of ethno-cultural systems transformation. In different regions of the Old Believers have acquired regional specificity of natural resources, specialization, features of life. The local Old Believer communities in various degrees have been transformed. Cohabitation and close contact with other surrounding cultures are reflected in the Old Believers' House (in construction equipment, appearance and in the interiors). The activities of the Old Believer population have been significantly changed. A part of the population works in the industrial enterprises, farms, private firms. Extensive development has received such a traditional industry production, fisheries, that undergone significant changes in the labor supply, gear, vehicles. Gone is the traditional seasonal work. Hereditary builders either moved to cities and became regular workers, or work on rural buildings in their area. The traditional occupation — horticulture — is developed mainly on farms. Noticeable changes have occurred in the home and family rituals. Relationships in the family have been democratized, and this process is still going on. At marriages religious and ethnic affiliation is rarely taken into account. Rituals related to birth and death are more stable and conservative among Old Believers. Such traditional features as strong family ties are held (including children who have left for the city and relatives), as well as mutual economic families.Key words: local ethno-cultural community, the Old Believers, migration, adaptation, transformation, ethno-cultural interaction.

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About this article

Author: Popova O.V.

Year: 2015

Editor-in-chief

Sergey Aleksandrovich
MIROSHNIKOV

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