June 2015, № 6 (181)

Berezina T.V., Savin E.Z. FEATURES GROWTH FRUIT CROPS IN THE BASIN OF URAL AND SAKMAR IN THE ORENBURG AND SAKMARSKY DISTRICTFruit crops are an integral part of the steppe and forest steppe regions. The first garden and parkland appeared in the region with the arrival of the first settlers here in the first half of the XVIII century. Most of introduced fruit crops quite successfully acclimatized in the territory of the Orenburg region. A significant impact on the safety and crop species have a microenvironment in which grow fruit and berry plants. In the basins of the Urals and in the Orenburg Sakmara and Sakmara areas were examined 19 areas of fruit plantations. At each site work was carried out as follows:  to consider the factors of the geographical environment, represented by the surveyed area (micro-relief, climate, availability of garden protection plants, the presence of a water source, soil cover);  to determine the species composition of plants and their cultural value class;  establish a link between the yield class plants and growing conditions;  to draw a conclusion about the suitability or fitness of each of the sites studied under fruit crops. According to the results of this work are set optimal conditions for the functioning of garden systems — a land located on the slopes of the south-east, north-eastern and eastern and northern areas reduces the likelihood of solar-frost burns, protected from cold winds by forests, mitigating actions northerly winds from the winter withers, with the close proximity of water sources, which mitigate the negative effect of low temperatures in winter and spring.Key words: garden, environmental conditions, water sources, Forest, position slopes, apple.

Download

References:

1. Belousov M.K., Boldyrev M.I., Pyshina Z.S., Gerasimov N.I. Recommendations for cultivation technology intensive orchards in the Central Black Earth region and the Volga region: recommendations  — Moscow: "Colossus", 1983.  — 50 pages.

2. Berezina T.V., Savin E.Z. Features of growing fruit crops in the area between Samara and Buzuluk. Last number №6.  — Orenburg, 2013.  — Pages 37-41.

3. Berezina T.V. Features of growing fruit crops in the area between Chagan and Kindel. International jubilee collection of scientific papers dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the Orenburg Experimental Station of Horticulture and viniculture / Status and prospects horticulture and viticulture Ural-Volga region and adjacent territories.  — Orenburg, 2013.  — Pages 34-40.

4. Berezina T.V., Savin E.Z. Features of growing fruit crops in the area between the Ural and Ilek. Last number №10.  — Orenburg, 2013.  — Pages 167-171.

5. Berezina T.V., Savin E.Z. Features of growing fruit crops in the forest-steppe zone Urals. Last number №1.  — Orenburg, 2014.  — Pages 79-83.

6. Berezina T.V., Savin E.Z. Features of growing fruit crops in the foothill area of horticulture Zauralye // Vestnik OSU, № 6 (167), 2014.  — Pages 8-12.

7. Gladyshev N.P. Light mode dwarf apple trees in the middle zone of the RSFSR / NP Gladyshev. Abstract. . diss. on soisk. uch. step. cand. agricultural Sciences.  — Michurinsk, 1970.  — 22 pages.

8. Davydov N.A. Assessment of the suitability of the location of the soil under the tab of perennial plants for the Lower Volga region: recommendations.  — Moscow: ROSSELHO-izdat, 1987.  — 28 pages.

9. Pettin N.B. Tips gardeners.  — Chelyabinsk Yuzh.-Ural. Vol. Publishing House, 1989.  — 224 pages.

10. Semenovich G.I., Salmina T.A. Selecting a location for a garden in the area of the Middle Volga region: recommendations.  — Moscow: ROSSELHO-izdat, 1987.  — 28 pages.

11. Trunov I.A. Methods of selecting and evaluating land plots bookmark intensive industrial gardens: recommendations.  — Michurinsk Univ. MichSAU, 2007.  — 48 pages.

12. Chetverikov F.P. Evaluation of soil and climatic conditions for the development of the Trans-Volga Saratov gardening: Auto-Ref. Dis .... Cand. SH Sciences.  — Michurinsk, 2002.  — 18 pages.

About this article

Authors: Berezina T.V., Savin E.Z.

Year: 2015

Editor-in-chief

Sergey Aleksandrovich
MIROSHNIKOV

© Электронное периодическое издание: ВЕСТНИК ОГУ on-line (VESTNIK OSU on-line), ISSN on-line 1814-6465
Зарегистрировано в Федеральной службе по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций
Свидетельство о регистрации СМИ: Эл № ФС77-37678 от 29 сентября 2009 г.
Учредитель: Оренбургский государственный университет (ОГУ)
Главный редактор: С.А. Мирошников
Адрес редакции: 460018, г. Оренбург, проспект Победы, д. 13, к. 2335
Тел./факс: (3532)37-27-78 E-mail: vestnik@mail.osu.ru