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Фот А.П.
Gorbachev C.B., Fot A.P., Shchipachev A.M., Lutfullin R.Ya.
INFLUENCE OF POST-WELD TREATMENT ON THE STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF WELDED JOINTS OF STEELS 20 AND 30KHGSA
Typical form of a limit condition of the vessels working under pressure is destruction or damage as result of development of a crack. The usual location of cracks are welded seams or their vicinities. Automatic welding under a gumboil layer is widely applied to production of the welded bottoms of the vessels working under pressure. Manual arc welding is applied mainly in the unions having short and faltering seams, seams of a difficult configuration. Decrease in mechanical and operational properties of welded connections is a consequence of structural changes. Welding tension also promotes acceleration of corrosion processes. The used methods of heat treatment of welded connections are long and power-intensive, don't provide uniform strength of a seam and the main metal. For achievement of structural uniformity and providing a combination of high durability and plasticity use of hot plastic deformation of welded seams in the temperature and high-speed modes of manifestation of effect of superplasticity of metals is represented perspective. In article the problem of decrease in structural imperfections of welded connections steel 20 and 30HGSA is solved. The method of the X-ray diffraction analysis investigated models of welded connections after different types of processing Is established that for welded connections from steel 20 all types of postwelding processing lead to decrease in microtension, for welded connections from steel 30HGSA after annealing and thermocyclic processing reduction of microtension isn't observed, and rolling by the heated rolls in the mode of superplasticity (joint venture) allows to reduce microtension. Novelty is use of postwelding deformation processing of welded connection by heated rolls (isothermal rolling) in the mode of superplastic deformation (ε = 20 %).
Key words: superplastic deformation, residual tension, welded connections, oil and gas equipment.
Fot A.P., Mochalin A.V.
SETTING DOUBLE PAIR OF MACHINES GUITARS USING A COMPUTER
The subject of the article is the description of the method of set completion of double pair change gear boxes with variable axial distance machines of various types. The aim of this work is to study the possibility to ensure improvement of quality (variability and accuracy) and to reduce set-up time machining double pair change gear boxes with variable axial distance and obtaining ratio, that is increasing the number of change gear boxes by leaving (or reducing) the number of change gears in the box. The principal aim is to develop a method of completing sets of change gear boxes and developing software with a friendly interface that allows fast tuning of double pair change gear boxes taking into account the main kinematic, structural, size and weight restrictions. While solving problems analytical methods and experiments were used. By using the proposed method of gears set-up and developed software, the seven sets mentioned in reference literature and scientific research journals, were improved. The field of application of the proposed solutions is machine tool engineering industry. In conclusion, the article points out that there is a real possibility to ensure improvement of quality (variability and accuracy) and to reduce set-up time machining double pair of boxes with variable axial distance: comparing the performance of six well-known with six new sets of change of gears double pair of boxes equipped with proposed method, confirms a significant increase of integral quality indicators (PQI) of new sets (average for all sets: IQI approximately 2.8 times and IQI approximately 2.9 times). The calculations also confirm the possibility of reducing the number of wheels in sets compared to the known (while retaining the characteristics of known sets) sets with 30 and 50 wheels to 6 and 7 wheels, respectively, the sets of 26, 27 and 36 wheels to 3, 2, and 3 wheels respectively. Compared to the most efficient existing method the proposed method of completion of double-pair box machine by change gears provides the required technical result — increasing the number of gear ratios implemented wish set a of change gears while maintaining the number of replacement gears in the box set (set of 26 wheels — approximately 238 % in the set of 27 wheels — 235 % in a set of wheels 36–50 %).
Key words: box of machine, a set of changeable gears, method of completion.
Fot A.P., Reshetov S.Yu., Mullabayev A.A.
GEARBOX DESIGNING BASED ON THE CLOSED DIFFERENTIAL DEVICE
At design of test benches for corrosion and mechanical tests of materials in the modes with a big difference of working speeds (in thousands and tens of thousands of times) executive devices, captures for samples at tests for stretching as imparted, consecutive installation of several transmission gears was used, and ensuring two various speeds of tests required two kinematic chains that led to unfairly overestimated weights and dimensions of the drive. This problem is offered to be solved use in drives of known transmission gears — the closed differential mechanisms with tooth gearings. The transmission ratio of these mechanisms reach values in some millions and are practically limited only to the mechanism efficiency value that sharply falls with growth of value of the transmission ratio. The use of the offered scheme of a gearbox based on the closed differential allows with a sufficient accuracy to receive two preset values of the transmission ratio differing in tens of thousands times. Taking into account observance of conditions of coaxiality, the neighbourhood and assembly the ratio of numbers teeth of Z1 and Z3 must be provided: Z3 = 3Z1 + 2. In this case the value of the total ratio of the box i13 (from the guide link 1 to the driven link 3) will be determined by the formula i13 = [(3Z1 + 2)Z5Z7] / [2Z4Z6(2Z1 + 1) — Z1Z5Z7] for the first speed or i13 = [(3Z1 + 2)Z5"Z7] / [2Z4"Z6(2Z1 + 1) — Z1Z5"Z7] for the second speed. For the negative effects excepting when cutting wheels teeth (teeth cutting and sharpening) it is recommended to take wheels teeth numbers of the box in the range of 17…160. Taking into account preliminary researches the interval of teeth number values from 17 to 52 is recommended for Z1. Selection of wheels teeth numbers of the locking part is the most difficult, and the options quantity of numbers combinations of wheels teeth has millions. In this regard the transmission ratio of transmissions of the locking part is expressed through the demanded transmission ratio of i13 and possible value of Z1: (Z4Z6) / (Z5Z7) = [Z1i13 — 3Z1 — 2] / [i13 (4Z1 + 2)]. Further i13 value and Z1 value are substituted in the formula, the received calculated value of the right part of the formula is transferred to the special computer program of selection of wheels teeth numbers of Z4, Z5, Z6 and Z7 (or Z4”, Z5”, Z6 and Z7) two-level tooth gearing.
Key words: the special drive, the transmission gear, a gearbox, a tooth gearing, the closed differential, the planetary carrier, the central cogwheel, the satellite.
Kamenev S.V., Lapynina M.Yu., Fot A.P.
MODIFICATION OF PLATES OF DRIVING ROLLER CHAINS LINKS
Article is devoted to an assessment of influence on intense the deformed condition of plates of links of driving roller chains of a form and the sizes of plates.
Key words: driving roller chain, chain link, plate of a link, intense the deformed condition of a plate.
Kamenev S.V., Lapynina M.Yu., Fot A.P, Chepasov V.I.
INTENSE THE DEFORMED CONDITION OF PLATES LINKS OF DRIVING ROLLER CHAINS
Article is devoted to an assessment intense the deformed condition of plates of links of driving roller chains and to definition of a rational form and the sizes of plates.
Key words: driving roller chain, chain link, plate of a link, intense the deformed condition of a plate.
Mullabaev A.A., Fot A.P., Chepasov V.I., Zurnadzhan N.V., Romantsov V.N.
ON THE WAY TO MODERNIZE GUITAR MACHINE TOOL
In article options of creation guitar machine are considered, the formula of calculation of theoretical quantity of the transfer relations in guitar machine with varied interaxal distances of tooth gearings used in guitar on the basis of combination theory methods for any number of variations of interaxal distances is offered, efficiency of separate guitars is estimated.
Key words: cutting equipment, machine tools, machine tools multipair guitars.
Chepasov V.I., Fot A.P., Bikmukhametova A.A., Sologub L.F.
BASIC PARAMETERS FOR DEFINITION OF CHARACTERISTICS OF SETS OF END MEASURES
The article discussed the questions of optimization of parameters of sets of plane-parallel end measures on the basis of the methodology of association of the studied parameters of factors and location on the results of the associations in each of the factor of the basic parameters of the sets. On basic parameters, built models for finding of the main characteristics of sets of end measures.
Key words: factorial loading, association on a factor, basic, the parameter argument, a contribution, minimization, regression.
Chepasov V.I., Fot A.P., Manyapova S.A., Bikmukhametov D.I.
OPTIMIZATION OF QUANTITY OF TRAILER MEASURES IN GROUPS OF A SET
As criterion of optimization at design of sets of trailer measures it is offered to use number of the sizes made of measures in the greatest piece of a row with the set step, the minimum and maximum value of the made size in the mentioned piece and the total length of measures of a set. The partial solution of the return task is proposed. Function for the accelerated optimization of quantity of measures in groups of a set is considered. The analysis of output characteristics of sets of measures for direct optimization and optimization on considered function is provided.
Key words: trailer measures, optimization, criterion.
Fot А.P.
THE ESTIMATION OF CONSTRUCTIVE-TECHNOLOGICAL PERFECTION OF DRIVE CHAINS GEARS OF MOTOR DRIVES
The author presented results of the analysis of the characteristics of the drive plate circuits used in mechanical drive trucks, the criterion of evaluation of design and technological excellence chains.
Key words: chain transfer, chain drive plate, breaking load, the criterion of evaluation circuits.
Kushnarenko V.M., Chirkov Yu.A., Fot A.P., Repyach V.S., Stavishenko V.G.
THE MECHANISM OF DAMAGE OF DETAILS AND DESIGNS AT INFLUENCE NAVODOROZHIVAYUSHCHIKH OF ENVIRONMENTS
In article the main reasons for destruction of details and designs are considered at influence of navodorozhivayushchy environments. The mechanism of corrosion cracking and hydrogen stratification of steel products and the designs contacting to navodorozhivayushchy environments is presented.
Key words: navodorozhivaniye, crack, destruction.
Chepasov V.I., Mullabaev A.A., Phot A.P.
GENERATION OF A SET OF CALIBRATED SIZES USING REGRESSION LIMITS
The technique of generation of the source array of calibrated sizes (for example, a set of end measures, probes, etc.) to produce an output array of calibrated sizes (compiled using the dimensions of a set of measures) with optimal characteristics is regarded in this work. As the inequality constraints are used difference estimates obtained using regression equations.
Key words: optimum regression, limits, error, size.
Mullabaev А.А., Fot А.P., Romantsov V.N., Reshetov S.Yu., Seytpanov S.Т.
SYNTHESIS OF FULL-STRENGTH WHEELWORKS WITH ONE CONNECTED GEAR
The paper focuses on the issues of structural and cinematic synthesis of the singly connected gear box with consideration of the contact strength of the wheel teeth. The research object is the wheel and gear boxes of machine tools.
Key words: mechanism, tooth gear, connected gear, full-strength gear box, synthesis.
Chepasov V.I., Mullabaev А.А., Fot А.P.
GENERATION OF INITIAL SET CALIBRATED DIMENSIONS
The paper focuses on the technique of generation of initial body with calibrated dimensions for the output of the calibrated dimension body with optimum characteristics. For the parameters being arguments of the objective function basic parameters obtained through factor analysis were used.
Key words: optimization, generation, regression.
Chepasov V.I., Mullabaev А.А., Fot А.P.
OPTIMIZATION OF QUANTITIES OF CALIBRATED DIMENSIONS
The report addresses the method for determination of initial dimension stock for obtaining calibrated dimensions output stock with optimum characteristics. The basic parameters found through the factor analysis were used as parameters-arguments for the target function.
Mullabaev A.A., Romantsov V.N., Fot А.P.
ON THE WAYS FOR CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINE TOOL STATION GEARBOXES
The ways for construction of machine tool station gearboxes which ensure realization of required geometric series of the output shaft speed in the three-shaft box with three and more connected gear-wheels, uniform distribution of the control range between the first and second groups of the box gears, decreasing of the overall dimensions and mass of the gearboxes with gear drives. A list of 12 sources used is provided.
Fot А.P.
THE SYSTEM OF HIGH QUALIFICATION STAFF TRAINING AT AN UNIVERSITY
Fot A.P., Yakunin S.N.
FORMING OF FLEET OF TAXIS STRUCTURE FROM AUTOMOBILES OF DIFFERENT TYPES
The question of determination of total cost of production on automobile exploitation with accounting of income from following sale is regarded in this article. Change of named costs meaning is described with curve with clearly defined minimum on a definite year of exploitation, which is depended on not only from the age and conditions of exploitation but also from the model of automobile. The authors suggest the methods of fleet of taxis structure determination with using of alignment chart.
Bondarenko V.A., Fot S.A., Fot A.P.
APPRAISAL OF DIESEL ENGINE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF FUEL AUTOMOBILES
The questions of experimental research of diesel engine work of different types of fuel automobiles are regarded in this article with aim to determine engine’s suitability to using of new types of fuel.
Klevtsova N.A., Fot A.P., Klevtsov G.V., Frolova O.A.
INFLUENCE OF SINGLE AND DOUBLE AGING ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND FAILURE MECHANISM OF AUSTENITIC STEEL 06ХН28МДТ
Austenitic steels are one of general constructive materials, which is used widely at mechanical engineering, instrument-making and other branches of technique because of high mechanical and technological properties in wide range of temperature. However at the process of cooling and deformation some steels of this class show inclination to phase transformations, which not always unambiguously influence on their properties at different types of weighting. This article is devoted to the results analysis of steel 06ХН28МДТ experimental research, which was exposed with thermomechanical processing.
Kushnarenko V.M., Fot A.P.
APPRAISAL AND FORECASTING OF METALS AND ALLOYS CAPACITY FOR WORK OF EQUIPMENT, WORKING AT CONDITIONS OF CORROSION ENVIRONMENT INFLUENCE
Appraisal of existing properties and search of new metal materials for production of high-reliability and perennial equipment, working at hard climatic conditions at influence of high-aggressive environments, need setting of appraisal criteria of corrosive steadiness of materials and effectiveness of protection measures with aim of timely and efficient appraisal of conditions of equipment units and details and forecasting of term of its safety exploitation, foundation of equipment and methods of experimental researches.
Fot A.P., Yakunin N.N., Dryuchin D.A., Pogorelov V.A., Artamkin A.V., Yakunin S.N.
INCREASE OF AUTOMOBILE PARK EXPLOITATION EFFECTIVENESS DUE TO OPTIMIZATION OF ITS STRUCTURE
Kalimullin R.F., Fot A.P., Yakunin N.N.
PERFECTION OF QUALITY APPRAISAL METHODIC OF CRANKSHAFT BEARINGS BREAKING-IN OF CAR ENGINE
This article is devoted theoretical and experimental problem solution of quality appraisal of crankshaft bearings breaking-in of car engine. Mathematical model of oiling process in friction bearing is worked here, parameter of quality appraisal of friction bearings in the area of load-speed regime is proved and the dependences of parameters meanings of oil layer existence duration in separate main bearings and in the system of crankshaft bearings from load-speed regime and breaking-in duration are established theoretically and proved experimentally in this work. The methodic of quality appraisal of crankshaft friction bearing breaking-in of car engine at bench running-in is worked here too.
Mullabaev A.A., Fot A.P., Pavlov S.I.
ABOUT USING OF MATHEMATICAL MODELING IN SOME TASKS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Using of mathematical models simplifies essentially the process of parameters optimization of complex technical objects (for example, gear-box and machine feed, grids and others). The solution of one more important task of mechanical engineering – parameters optimization of end measures admission is suggested in this article.
Fot A.P.
SCIENTIFIC GROUP OF MACHINE COMPONENTS, THEORIES OF MECHANISMS, MACHINE AND APPLIED MECHANICS OF ORENBURG STATE UNIVERSITY (HISTORICAL CERTIFICATE)
Mullabaev A.A., Fot А.P.
OPTIMIZATION OF SETS OF END MEASURES AND PROBES
In mechanical engineering sets of end measures and probes are widely distributed, used for the sizes definition and for adjustment of measuring devices. The necessary sizes are made from several end measures. In the work the problem is solved of minimization of end measures quantity in sets under condition of preservation of the row of made sizes.
Yu.V.Gorelskaya, A.P.Fot
OPERATION OPTIMIZATION OF SINTERED POROUS MATERIALS INDUCTION HEATING UNDER THERMAL TREATMENT
The article deals with one of the possible solutions of thermal problem. The aim is to compose basic mathematical model for heating process of sintered porous materials. The solution of a problem for bushing-type part made of ferrous carbon materials is given.
Fot A.P.
DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MULTIPOSITIONAL PROVING EQUIPMENT
The article considers one of the aspects of multipositional equipment designing regarding interdependence of separate units (outfits and mechanisms) in the given equipment operation and current dynamic processes. Disrespect of interdependence effect may cause negative results and unnecessary expenditure for the elimination of consequences through the designer's mistake. Widely spread computer technologies based upon mathematical modeling of the given structure and computer experiment eliminate labour input of multipositional equipment calculations. This method has been first applied by the author in the evaluation of dynamic properties of multipositional tearing machines (MTM) intended for corrosion and mechanical testing of material specimen. The calculation results of machine parameters according to the proposed dynamic model showed that the dynamic model MTM in comparison with the simplified static model gives much more information about the load changes in a specimen. The machine design rationality as well as the expediency of MTM usage in corrosion and mechanical testing of materials have been testified.
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Editor-in-chief |
Sergey Aleksandrovich
MIROSHNIKOV |
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