december 22, 2024

RU/EN

Headings of Vestnik

May 2024, № 2 (242), pages 28-37

doi: 10.25198/1814-6457-242-28

Sikorskaya G.A. PERSONALITY-ORIENTED TASKS AS A MEANS OF DEVELOPING COGNITIVE INDEPENDENCE OF A HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT IN A SPECIALIZED SCHOOL (MATHEMATICAL PROFILE)The development of cognitive independence of high school students is most in demand in a specialized school, since at this educational stage, high school students are being trained to study at a university, according to new standards aimed at increasing the proportion of independent work. Over the past 10–15 years, school teaching teams have been increasingly using the basics of personality-oriented education in their practice. Students enter the class with a certain profile orientation from the position of continuing their studies in higher education. Basically, by the 9th–10th grade, the inclinations, abilities of students, their motivation are fully manifested, in accordance with the vector of their further education. Thus, for a high school student of a specialized school, his personal experience is increasingly important, focused on his valuable, vital meanings, obviously, for him, lying in the sphere of motivational priorities. For this reason, an axiological approach is completely justified in the personality-oriented education of high school students of a specialized school, as it expands the boundaries of learning material acquisition determined by the program, actualizes the voluntary choice of the student, the independence of his position on setting goals, highlighting obstacles. This approach involves the manifestation of will, personal experience, and, therefore, requires the manifestation of active independent cognition of a high school student. The process of developing independent cognition of high school students of specialized classes is possible, in particular, as a result of the organization of educational activities of schoolchildren through personality-oriented tasks involving the use of personal, subjective experience created by the student himself as a leading element of the content. One of the possible ways to form the cognitive independence of a high school student in a specialized class of a mathematical direction is based on the application of personality–oriented tasks of mathematical content — tasks with a parameter. When solving a rather complex problem with a parameter, a high school student is faced with the need to independently search and apply knowledge from various mathematical fields, choosing, based on his personal experience, the most rational trajectory to achieve the goal. As a result of research and experimental work on the development of cognitive independence of high school students of specialized mathematical classes through personality-oriented tasks in the form of mathematical problems with a parameter, the steady development of cognitive independence of students was revealed. The positive aspect accompanying the experiment was a significant improvement in the cognitive component of teaching high school students in the specialized mathematical field, which provided a fairly solid knowledge of solving problems with the parameter included in the Unified State Exam.Key words: high school student, specialized education, axiological approach, cognitive independence, personality-oriented tasks, tasks with a parameter.

Download

References:

1. Ananyev B.G. (2001) Man as an object of knowledge. St. Petersburg; St. Petersburg, 288 p.

2. Akhayan, T.K. and Kiryakova A.V. (1991) Orientation and activity. M.: Enlightenment, 160 p.

3. Bozhovich E.D. (2008) The method of educational work as a unit of research of the position of the subject of teaching. In E.D. Bozhovich The method of educational work is a condition and product of a student’s cognitive activity. Psychodidactic aspects. M.: Canon + ROOI “Rehabilitation”, pp. 5–15.

4. Bondarevskaya E.V. (2000) Theory and practice of personality-oriented education. Rostov-on-Don: Publishing House of the RPU, 352 p.

5. Gutnik I.Y. (2005) Organization of pedagogical diagnostics in specialized education: Textbook-method. handbook for teachers. Edited by A.P. Tryapitsyna. St. Petersburg: KARO, 128 p.

6. Danilov M.A. (2007) Education of schoolchildren’s independence and creative activity in the learning process. Pedagogy, No. 8, pp. 32–42.

7. Zhafyarov A.J. (2004) Formation of a student’s personality in the context of problems of specialized education. Philosophy of education, No. 3, pp. 216–222.

8. Zdravomyslov A.G. (2010) The field of sociology in the modern world. M.: Logos, 410 p.

9. Kargapoltsev S.M. (2015) Imaginative projections of a pedagogical view. Vestnik of the Orenburg State University, No.8, pp. 182–188.

10. Kargapoltseva N.A. and Maslikova E.F. (2016) Realization of the personal-developing potential of design in education as a pedagogical problem. Vestnik of the Orenburg State University, No. 12, pp. 21–28.

11. Kiryakova A.V. (2006) Development of the axiological potential of personality in conditions university education. Vestnik of the Orenburg State University, No. 1, pp. 6–12.

12. Kostryukov A.V. and Sikorskaya G.A. (2002) On the principles of continuing education and their implementation at the school — university stage. Vestnik of the Orenburg State University, No. 2, pp. 85–88.

13. Leontiev A.N. (2005) Activity. Conscience. Personality. M., 304 p.

14. Lerener I.Ya. (1971) Criteria for the levels of cognitive independence of students. New studies in pedagogical sciences. M.: Pedagogika, No. 4, pp. 34–39.

15. Pidkasisty P.I. (1980) Independent cognitive activity of schoolchildren in education: theoretical and experimental research. M.: Pedagogy, 240 p.

16. Polovnikova N.A. (2008) On the theoretical foundations of the upbringing of cognitive independence in learning: scientific notes of the KSPI. Kazan, 204 p.

17. Pustovoitov V.N. (2002) The development of cognitive independence of high school students in mathematics and computer science lessons: Monograph. Bryansk: BSU Publishing House, 120 p.

18. Rubinstein S.L. (2007) Fundamentals of general psychology: Textbook for students. universities, students. for example, and spec. psychology. St. Petersburg: Peter, 713 p

19. Sikorskaya G.A., Gamova N.A. and Kulish N.V. (2018) On the preparation of high school students for the Unified State Exam in mathematics based on the principles of personality-oriented education. Vestnik of the Orenburg State University, No. 3, pp. 58–65.

20. Sikorskaya G.A., Dzhukashev K.R. and Kryuchkova I.V. (2020) On the problem of improving the quality of mathematical education and proposals for overcoming it. Vestnik of the Orenburg State University, No. 3(226), pp. 64–80.

21. Feinburg Z.I. (1969) Value orientations of personality in some social groups of socialist society. Personality and its value orientations: inform. Bulletin of the ICSI of the USSR Academy of Sciences, No. 25/40, Issue 2, pp. 59–99.

22. Shchukina G.I. (1979) Activation of cognitive activity of students in the educational process. M.: Enlightenment, 160 p.

23. Elkonin B.D. (2007) Psychology of development: Study guide for students. universities, students. according to the direction. and special. “Psychology”. 3rd ed., ster. M.: Academy, 144 p.

24. Yadov V.A. (2007) Strategy of sociological research. Description, explanation, understanding of social reality. 3rd ed., ispr. Moscow: Omega-L, 567 p.

25. Yakimanskaya I.S. (2004) Psychological foundations of mathematical education: textbook. M.: IC “Academy”, 320 p.

About this article

Author: Sikorskaya G.A.

Year: 2024

doi: 10.25198/1814-6457-242-28

Editor-in-chief

Sergey Aleksandrovich
MIROSHNIKOV

© Электронное периодическое издание: ВЕСТНИК ОГУ on-line (VESTNIK OSU on-line), ISSN on-line 1814-6465
Зарегистрировано в Федеральной службе по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций
Свидетельство о регистрации СМИ: Эл № ФС77-37678 от 29 сентября 2009 г.
Учредитель: Оренбургский государственный университет (ОГУ)
Главный редактор: С.А. Мирошников
Адрес редакции: 460018, г. Оренбург, проспект Победы, д. 13, к. 2335
Тел./факс: (3532)37-27-78 E-mail: vestnik@mail.osu.ru