January 2016, № 1 (189)

Polyakov V.Yu., Revutskaya I.L. THE ENZYMATIC ACTIVITY OF THE UPPER DIAGNOSTIC HORIZONS OF URBAN ANTHROPOGENIC SOILS OF BIROBIDZHANThe influence of urbanization processes on enzymatic activity of anthropogenic modified soils to date is insufficiently studied problem. Objective: to investigate the enzymatic activity of the upper diagnostic horizons U urbik, AYur, RAT urban anthropogenic soils of Birobidzhan. It is shown that the activity of such enzymes as: catalase, invertase, urease, phosphatase decreases in the next row diagnostic top soil horizons: culturozem — recreazem — replantazem — konstruktzem — urbanozem. To the established features of urban anthropogenic soils of Birobidzhan include: alkalinity, soils are neutral and slightly alkaline (pH from 6.6 to 7.4), compared to natural, relatively unmodified, brown forest weakly acidic (pH 5.5–6.5) and soddy-alluvial acidic (pH 4.0–5.5) soil of the city, low cation exchange capacity less than 15 mmol/100 g soil, low humus content less than 4 %, small and moderate power diagnostic horizons. The enzymatic activity of the upper diagnostic horizons based on the catalase, invertase, urease, phosphatase characterized as low, and the degree of enrichment of poor soil enzymes. Lowest set the activity of enzymes in diagnostic upper horizon of urbik U urbanozem: catalase — (1.0 ± 0.1) ml O₂/min/1 g soil, invertase — (1.8 ± 0.2) mg glucose/1 g of soil for 24 hours, urease — (2.0 ± 0.2) mg NH₃/10 g of soil for 24 hours, phosphatase — (0.5 ± 0.1) mg P₂O₅ /100 g of soil for 1 hour. The most established activity of enzymes in diagnostic upper horizon of AYur culturozem: catalase — (2.8 ± 0.3) ml O₂/min/1 g of soil, invertase — (8.2 ± 0.7) mg glucose/1 g of soil for 24 hours, urease — (4.2 ± 0.4) mg NH₃/10 g of soil for 24 hours, phosphatase — (1.3 ± 0.2) mg P₂O₅ /100 g of soil for 1 hour. The main conclusion: the enzymatic activity of the upper diagnostic horizons U urbik, AYur, RAT urban anthropogenic soils of Birobidzhan on the catalase, invertase, urease, phosphatase can be characterized as low and the degree of enrichment of poor soil enzymes.Key words: activity of enzymes, soil city, soil types.

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About this article

Authors: Polyakov V.Yu., Revutskaya I.L.

Year: 2016

Editor-in-chief

Sergey Aleksandrovich
MIROSHNIKOV

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