September 2015, № 9 (184)

Vasilyev S.A. A MATHEMATICAL MODEL TO PREDICT EROSION ON SLOPING AGROLANDSCAPEErosion processes on sloping landscapes lead to reduction of soil fertility, a substantial decrease in yields of crops, not the observance of technological process of machine-tractor unit, destruction of roads for agricultural purposes, etc. Surface detention of runoff received considerable attention, because solving them, perhaps, to actively manage the processes of shtokoobraznye and soil erosion on sloping landscapes. Various approaches used today for evaluation of erosion processes in most cases do not correspond to the real process. Observed discrepancy of the calculated data and experiments should be attributed to lack of accounting standards and parameters of the soil. These settings on sloping agricultural landscapes are changing significantly and hydraulics of sheet flow has its principal features, in comparison with fluvial processes. Proposed to be used to estimate erosion processes that occur on sloping landscapes, mathematical model for prediction of soil loss from agricultural fields. Given the fundamental features of the hydraulics of sheet flow when designing anti-erosion technologies, the mathematical model included the hydraulic losses of the watercourse to overcome the resistance of the underlying surface, erosion and transportation of sediment. Approbation of the developed model was carried out according to field research performed on-site SHPK "Work" batyrevskogo district of the Chuvash Republic. The results of the determination of the studied hydrophysical parameters and predict the number of washed-out soils for a particular site is presented in the form of maps with isolines. To change hydrophysical and erosive properties of the soil it is desirable to apply the promising methods of sowing of agricultural crops, for example, be combined seedbed preparation sowing, thus to reduce the number of driveways mA-tire-tractor unit for agricultural field and minimizes the interaction of working bodies of agricultural machines with the soil. Key words: prediction of soil loss, water flow, slope agro-landscapes, slope, hydraulic losses, mathematical model.

Download

References:

1. Baryshnikov, N. B. Formulas and methods for calculating costs of sediment / N. B. Baryshnikov, Y. A. Demidov, A. O. Pugin, B. A. Sokolov // proceedings of the Russian state hydrometeorological University, No. 11. Scientific-theoretical journal. — SPb.: ed. RSHU, 2009. — 168 p.

2. Borovkov, V. S. river Channel processes and dynamics of river flows in urban areas / V. S. Borovkov. — Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat. — 1989. — 285 p.

3. Vasiliev, S. A. Dimensionless measure for assessing hydraulic in losses to friction in channels with different roughness / S. A. Vasiliev, I. I. Maxi-MOU, V. I. Maksimov // Theoretical and scientific-practical journal "Irrigation and water management". Issue № 5, 2011. — S. 40-42.

4. Vasiliev, S. A. Determination of the equivalent roughness of stokefire-tion of the surface to assess erosion control measures on sloping lands / S. A. Vasiliev, I. I. Maximov, V. V. Alekseev // Theoretical and scientific-practical journal "Irrigation and water management". Issue No. 4, 2014. — Pp. 31-34.

5. Vasiliev, S. A. the Results of experimental investigations of the hydrophysical and erosion properties of soils on-site SHPK "Work" batyrevskogo district of the Chuvash Republic / S. A. Vasiliev, I. I. Maximov, E. P. Alekseev [et al.] / / Bulletin of the Chuvash state pedagogical University named after I. Y. Yakovlev. — 2013. — Vol. 4(80), part 2. — P. 39 — 45.

6. Vasiliev, S. A. Improved methods and means of evaluation for the design of anti-erosion technologies on sloping lands: Diss. ... Ph. D. — Cheboksary, 2006. — 161 p.

7. Vasiliev, S. A. Theoretical background of the analytical determination of the wetted perimeter stationery surface / S. A. Vasiliev, A. Yu. Pagenow // Bulletin of the Chuvash state pedagogical University named after I. Y. Yakovlev. Series "Natural and technical NAU-CI", № 4(76), 2012. — P. 47-50.

8. Vasiliev, S. A. Energy approach to the assessment of erosion-carrying capacity of the water flow on sloping agricultural landscape / S. A. Vasiliev, I. I. Maximov, V. V. Alekseev // Scientific journal of Russian research Institute of land reclamation. Electronic periodical, № 3 (19), 2015. — P. 79-93

9. Velikanov, M. A. Dynamics of channel flows: in 2 V. / M. A. Velikanov — Moscow: Gostekhizdat, 1954-1955. — T. 1-2. — 323 p.

10. Larionov, G. A. The impact of sediment on the eroding capacity of shallow flows / G. A. Larionov, N. G. Dobrovol'skaya, Z. P. Kiryukhin, L. F. Litvin // soil Erosion and river channel processes. — M., 2003. Vol. 14. -P. 34-45.

11. Maksimov, I. I. Prediction of erosion processes, equipment and technology for processing sloping land: Diss. doctor. tech. science./ I. I. Maximov — Cheboksary, 1996. — 325 p.

12. Mirtskhulava, C. E. fundamentals of physics and mechanics of erosion channels / C. E. Mirtskhulava.- Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 1988. — 303 p.

13. Patent No. 2345323 of the Russian Federation. Method of determining the coefficient of hydraulic roughness in the field and a device for its implementation / I. I. Maximov, S. A. Vasiliev, V. I. Maksimov, A. A. Vasiliev — Publ. 27.01.2009, bull. No. 3.

14. The past, G. I. Theoretical foundations of erosivity / G. I. the Past. — Kiev; Odessa: Vishcha school, 1981. — 219 p.

15. Ali, M., Sterk, G., Seeger, M., Boersema, M., and Peters, P.: Effect of hydraulic parameters on sediment transport capacity in overland flow over erodible beds, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 591–601, 2012.

About this article

Author: Vasilyev S.A.

Year: 2015

Editor-in-chief

Sergey Aleksandrovich
MIROSHNIKOV

© Электронное периодическое издание: ВЕСТНИК ОГУ on-line (VESTNIK OSU on-line), ISSN on-line 1814-6465
Зарегистрировано в Федеральной службе по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций
Свидетельство о регистрации СМИ: Эл № ФС77-37678 от 29 сентября 2009 г.
Учредитель: Оренбургский государственный университет (ОГУ)
Главный редактор: С.А. Мирошников
Адрес редакции: 460018, г. Оренбург, проспект Победы, д. 13, к. 2335
Тел./факс: (3532)37-27-78 E-mail: vestnik@mail.osu.ru