Kalmykova O.G., Velmovskyi P.V., Bakiev A.G., Gorelov R.A.
CURRENT STATE OF THE NATURE MONUMENT “TROUT CREEK SULA” (NORTHERN DISTRICT OF ORENBURG REGION) ^{[№ 8 ' 2017]}
Information on the state of natural complexes of specially protected natural areas is of great importance in maintaining the effective structure of the regional environmental framework. In the field season of 2017, a comprehensive survey and assessment of the current status of the natural monument “Trout Creek Sula”, located in the Northern District of the Orenburg region, was carried out. Two species of plants listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation and nine species of plants listed in the Red Book of the Orenburg Region were identified on its territory. It is not possible to confirm or deny the presence of such rare species of fish as the trout trout Salmo trutta morpha fario (Linnaeus, 1758) and the European grayling Thymallus thymallus (Linnaeus, 1758) in the waterfalls of the Nature Reserve “Trout Creek Sula” in waterways. The habitat in the surveyed streams of the common minnow was Phoxinus phoxinus (Linnaeus, 1758) and the silver crucian Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch, 1782). Among the amphibians along the banks of the streams there is a lake frog Pelophylax ridibundus (Pallas, 1771), reptiles are viviparous Zootoca vivipara (Lichtenstein, 1823) and Lacerta agilis (Linnaeus, 1758) lizards, usually Natrix natrix (Linnaeus, 1758). It was noted that to the natural monument “Trout Creek Sula” to the north of the channel of the Sula Creek there are unbroken slopes characterized by a high degree of preservation of steppe phytocenoses occupying them and saturation of rare and needy species of plants. Taking into account that the forest steppe as a whole and the meadow steppes in particular are significantly disturbed, and the phytocoenoses on the territories adjacent to the nature monument “Trout Brook Sula” have significant conservation value, we recommend to consider the possibility of expanding the boundaries of the nature monument, including in its composition the slopes with the preserved steppe vegetation.

Velmovskiy P.V., Chibilyov A.A., Levykin S.V., Kazachkov G.V., Chibilyov A.A. (jr), Yakovlev I.G., Grudinin D.A.
ON THE HISTORY OF A FOREST MELIORATION FRAMEWORK DEVELOPMENT IN ORENBURG STATE ^{[№ 13 ' 2015]}
One of the primary problem ofsteppe use optimization and stable agro-landscapes development is formation and support of a forest melioration framework in the steppe region. Today, by virtue of a line of social-economical and agro-ecological problems systems of forest cultures developed before loses their agro-ecological functions, their breakup and collapse happen due to agro-lands demands reduction and fires acceleration. In this connection a development of a new concept of a forest melioration framework suitable for current condition and modern steppe science achievement is extremely topical and urgent. To develop a modern concept of a forest melioration framework is necessary to research spreading and dynamics of forest plantations as well as historical experience of steppe forest melioration. Using historical methods is revealed that before forest vegetation was represented more wide lyandvarious on the territory of modern Orenburgskaya oblast, especially on Common Syrt and in the Pre-Ural region, e. g. Siberian larch from the north reaches to in latitude 53°. Periodization of forest melioration with separation of three stages was developed in Orenburgskaya oblast. Herewith, the first stage fell on the middle of 1930s, but the main activity to develop a forest melioration was made during 1948–1953 in the frame of a rapid implementation of A Council of Ministers Resolution USSR and the Central Committee of C.P.S.U. (b) of 20.10.1948 № 3960. A scale of forest cultural activity and main objects, including a state forest belt "Vishnevaya mountain  — the Caspian sea" is shown. A short characteristic of forest fund in Orenburgskaya oblast and a dynamics of reafforestation during 1980–2013 are given in the paper. A formation history of elements of a forest melioration framework and forest-cultural complexes in Orenburgskaya oblast show that a scaled work were made on the initiative and with support of the state government. Today, with an importance of the state support the necessary successful term is land users interest and ecological-economic reasonability of developed plantations taking into account achievement and guidelines of modern steppe science.

Levykin S.V., Chibilyov А.А., Velmovskiy P.V., Kazachkov G.V., Chibilyov А.А. (jr)
A STATE AND PROBLEMS OF A FOREST MELIORATION FRAMEWORK IN ORENBURGSKAYA OBLAST, PRINCIPALS OF ITS MODERNIZATION ^{[№ 13 ' 2015]}
Today, in a land reform condition against the background of structural transformation in forestry management and climate change,issues of steadiness, vitality and anagro-ecological function of afforestation, first of allcultural forest plantations, gain a special topicality. Forest plantations lose their primary functions, first of all an agro-ecological function. On the one hand, mess and breakup existing components of a forest melioration framework happen, on the other hand, aggressive invasive species from woodland belts occupy fallow lands that leads to agricultural land loss. Acclimation rate, forest plantations dimension, a field protecting function were a first-priority fact during development of main forest cultures. Here with, an aesthetic attractiveness of plantations, their recreational function and wood species selection taking into account an expansion potential, were not paid a significant attention. A key components assessment of a forest melioration framework in different forest-vegetation conditions in Orenburg state were made using historical, landscape, cartographical, statistical, comparative-geographical and forest-taxon methods. Principals and a strategy for modernization of forest melioration framework are developed on the base of this assessment. In the process the following task were realized: a historical experience of a forest melioration development was summarized; a comparative assessment of a current state of forest melioration framework components in different forest-vegetation conditions, including etalon conditions was given; suggestions for ecological-structural optimization, conservation and reasonable use of natural-anthropogenic areas taking into account modern steppe science guidelines, were developed; priorities of reafforestation in a historical areal of forest vegetation taking into account priority of conservation and restoration of steppe biological species, first of all rare and endangered species, were defined. Landscape criteria of reasonability and limitation of forest activity are offered, notions of forest melioration fund and framework in the territory were given. On the base of nature-conformity in technologies of steppe for estation is offered a concept of anaccurate (contour) reafforestation,according too utlines of an initial growing and priority of indigenous species in the selection.

Kalmykova O.G., Mjachina K.V., Velmovskyi P.V.
ON VEGETATION COVER IN THE ZONE OF INFLUENCE OF POINT OBJECTS OF OIL AND GAS (FOR EXAMPLE, ORENBURG REGION) ^{[№ 10 ' 2015]}
This article provides information about the composition and structure of vegetation from operating, liquidated and explored oil and gas production facilities, located in various parts of the Orenburg region. Total surveyed 19 point objects of oil and gas located in Orenburg, Perevolotskyi, Novosergievskyi, Akbulakskyi,Grachevskyidistricts of Orenburg region. It was noted the general character of vegetation, its structure, extent and causes of violations. Particular attention was paid to the protected species of the Red Book of Russia and the Orenburg region. It is found that the projected wells, and other oil and gas production facilities at the surveyed area often located on an already damaged before (as in the oil and gas production, and as a result of agricultural use) sites. Related to this is a small number of rare plant species found in the surrounding areas. It is shown that vegetation cover of the objects of study is represented by fields of crops with weedy plants, deposits in the initial stages and pastures with a strong degree of pastoral digression, sometimes damaged by the impact of the pyrogenic factor. It is noted that the composition of the vegetation at the sites of oil and gas is largely dependent on the zonal and subzonal provisions of the study area, as well as its environment (especially edaphic) features, but the general character of vegetation and forms of influence on it have similarities in all the studied areas.

Chibilyov A.A., Levykin S.V., Velmovskiy P.V., Kazachkov G.V.
THE GEOECOLOGICAL BASE OF AFFORESTATION LAND MELIORATION IN STEPPE: THE HARMONY OF STEPPE AND FOREST HERITAGE ^{[№ 12 ' 2011]}
The problem of the harmony of the afforestation land melioration framework and the optimum of steppes landscape– and biodiversity in a steppe region is discussed.