Vasilchenko A.A.
OPENWORK DOWN KNITTING OF THE ORENBURG REGION: TRADITION AND ETHNO­ARTISTIC SEARCH IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS OF THE ORENBURG ART COLLEGE ^{[№ 4 ' 2023]}
During the study of the author’s elements of the ornament based on the ornamental forms of the multi-ethnic population of the Orenburg region, methods of their implementation in the traditional artistic and technological system of the Orenburg down scarf were considered. An innovative search in the field of ethno-artistic heritage and the introduction of original elements into the traditional ornament of the Orenburg down scarf in accordance with the artistic and technological foundations of the down knitting tradition is a condition for its development. The systematic innovative approach to creating original elements of the Orenburg down scarf ornament generally corresponds to the concept of ethno-artistic content of the methodology of pre-university and university education. Solving the problems of mastering the traditional artistic and technological foundations of down knitting depends on the creativity of Orenburg down knitters. They preserve the continuity of the stylistics of the artistic canon, traditional motifs and technological techniques. Methods of an innovative approach to traditional artistic craft, including down knitting, can be applied in the theoretical and practical part of the educational process in the profile “Environmental Design”, in the disciplines “Decorative and Applied Arts in the Interior” and “Design of Light Industry Products”.

Vasilchenko A.S., Valyshev A.V.
OPTIMIZATION OF A CULTURE MEDIUM COMPOSITION AS APROACH TO ISOLATION OF BACTERIOCINS ^{[№ 12 ' 2017]}
Antimicrobial peptides of bacterial origin can be considered as effective food preservatives, as well as therapeutic agents. The first difficulties in the study of these substances begin at the stage of bacteriocin`s isolation from the culture medium of the producer microorganism. A simple and affordable approach for optimizing isolation of bacteriocins from metabolites of microorganisms is presented. In this study a strain of E. faecium ICIS 7 was used as bacteriocin producer. Bacteria were cultured on four different media comprising two commercial medium and two semisynthetic. Isolation of bacteriocins was carried out by reversed-phase liquid high-performance chromatography. At the first stage, the bacterial growth parameters on various media were estimated and bacteriocin`s production was evaluated semi-quantitatively. At the second stage chromatographic profiles were obtained and compared. Finally it was shown that using a simple media consisting of the yeast extract only, makes it possible to produce bacteriocins and subsequently simplify their chromatographic purification. Thus, it can be concluded that the yeast extract is an ingredient available to most laboratories, while the components for the preparation of the chemical-defined medium are still quite expensive chemical reagents (amino acids, nucleic acids etc.). The use of a yeast extract for the cultivation and production of bacteriocins significantly reduces the cost of isolating the target polypeptide.

Galaktionova L.V., Vasilchenko A.V., Anufrienko A.A., Terekhova N.A.
RECOVERY OF THE HUMUS STATE OF THE STEPPE CHERNOZEMS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE DEPOSIT ^{[№ 9 ' 2017]}
In the middle of the last century, in order to provide the country’s population with food products, the country began implementing the plan for extensive development of agricultural production. Only in the Orenburg region from 1954 to 1962, about 2.2 million hectares of virgin and fallow lands were plowed up, and the total area of arable land reached 6.4 million hectares. Along with serious miscalculations in the technology of growing the main crops, excessive plowing of steppe chernozems caused the development of a number of degradation processes, such as dehumification, de-structuring, over consolidation, soil erosion, which was accompanied by a progressive decrease in their fertility. However, at the end of the twentieth century, significant political and economic changes took place in the country, affecting the agricultural production sector. One of his results was the transfer of more than two million hectares into the deposit. Thus, for the first time in the agricultural period, previously arable land was found in an unprecedented natural experiment on the natural restoration of chernozems. This article is devoted to the study of the humus state of steppe chernozems in the conditions of the deposit. The more than 20-year period of soil restoration led to a change in the humus content from 2.79 to 4,1 %, its reserves to 88.9 % of that of the virgin land, an increase in the proportion of humic acids to 39.6 % and a humification depth of 2.33. The studies made it possible to conclude that the system of indicators of humus condition of soils showed high sensitivity to cessation of arable use and can be recommended as a diagnostic indicator for assessing the degree of natural restoration of the soil cover of the steppe.

Vasilchenko A.V., Vojvodina T.S.
THE PROBLEM OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF OIL POLLUTION OF SOILS ^{[№ 10 ' 2015]}
The analysis of the regulatory requirements on the content of oil in the soil in accordance with Russian and European regulatory legislation. It was found that the Russian Federation is still the norm oil content in the soil is not installed, there is no clear criterion estimates the degree of disturbance, which creates a problem of restoration of contaminated soils. To solve the problem of recovering oil-contaminated soil is necessary to define the criteria that can be considered safe for all objects in the environment. However, the specifics of different regulations on this issue no. In connection with this urgent problem is the imperfection of environmental legislation in relation to the MPC oil in natural soils. The results of research areas in the zone of the impact of the gas station, adjacent to the main highway. The concentration of oil in the soil of the objects. An assessment of their quality. By analyzing a wide variety of grades of grade oil content in the soil, we have found a discrepancy in the comparison of all these documents. Recommendations for reclamation of disturbed areas.

Voevodina T.S., Rusanov A.M., Vasilchenko V.A.
EFFECT OF OIL ON THE CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ORDINARY CHERNOZEM SOUTHERN URALS ^{[№ 10 ' 2015]}
The degradation of soils and landscapes is now a global phenomenon and is one of the main problems of ecology and soil science. Among the many factors of soil degradation is the contamination of its oil. The change of soil properties when oil pollution, as well as the processes of migration, accumulation and metabolism depend on the physico-chemical composition and amount of oil spilled, the soil-climatic and landscape conditions, soil type, availability of the different biochemical barriers, channels of migration and diffusion in the soil profile. At oil pollution is noticeable first of all change the chemical properties of the soil. The consequences of soil pollution by oil depends on the composition of hydrocarbons, its concentration and distribution in the soil profile, from the exposition period. A particularly negative impact on soil crude oil, which leads to changes in the chemical properties of soil and their strongest salinity. Oil contamination causes an abrupt increase in the content of organic carbon in soil from 3.5 to 9.8 % and contributes to the deterioration of the nitrogen regime of soils (the ratio of C:N ranges from 30 to 289) and the decrease in the content of mobile forms of phosphorus (average of 3.5 times). Soil pollution commodity oil (desalted and dehydrated) does not affect the acid-alkaline balance of the soil and crude oil causes an alkalinization of various degrees of soil solution that is depending on the oil concentration. Analysis of the aqueous extract of oil-polluted soils showed that when contaminated with crude oil dramatically increased the solids content, the nature of salinity is determined by the accumulation of sodium and chlorine ions, which is accompanied by a sharp decrease in the content of calcium ions in the soil solution.

Galaktionova L.V., Vasilchenko A.V., Suzdaleva A.V.
BIODIAGNOSTICS SOILS OF ОRENBURG PARKLAND ^{[№ 6 ' 2015]}
The article deals with the prospect of the use of indicators of biological activity of the soil for an adequate assessment of the environmental state of the soil cover of parkland in Orenburg. The current approaches to the diagnosis of soil biological indicators include the definition of the actual and potential biological activity. Potential biological activity indicates the ability of the soil to the implementation of a process under optimal conditions for soil body. It reflects the latent ability to induce a number of biological processes and thus to maintain the constancy of soil parameters. Indicators relevant biological activity reflects the intensity of these processes in real environmental conditions. For a comprehensive assessment of soil processes of tension indicators have been used to date (the production of carbon dioxide and cellulolytic capacity of the soil) and potential (catalase activity and phytotoxicity / seed germination test culture) biological activity in combination with integral indicator of a biological state (IPBS) proposed Kolestnikov C.I., Kazeev K.S., Valkov V.F. (2003). To assess the impact of the urban environment in the soil-biotic complex was carried out determination of the content of mobile forms of heavy metals in soils research facilities. Results of the study revealed the dependence of the volume of carbon dioxide produced by cellulolytic capacity of soils and their hydrothermal regime. Last corrected by human activities in the implementation of measures for the care of green areas. The study of indicators of potential biological activity revealed a statistically significant link them with the content of heavy metals (such as individual items and total content) in soils. The indicator IPBS allowed the authors to make comprehensive conclusions about its dependence on the impact of anthropogenic factors. Reducing the integral index of the biological condition of soil degradation indicates the park area of Orenburg city and oppression intensity exercise of important ecological functions.

Vasilchenko A.A
HISTORY TECHNIQUES OF KNITTING (TO THE QUESTION ABOUT THE ORIGIN OF DELICATE PUHOVYAZANIA ON SOUTH URAL) ^{[№ 5 ' 2015]}
The historical examples of development and application of hand artistic handicraft — knittings are examined in the article. In material some questions of origin of delicate of South Ural are affected also as the unique artistic phenomenon inseparable from history of development of technique of knitting. Technique of knitting it is a variety of textile technique in hand execution, time and place of origin of that exactly are not set. The results of archaeological excavations testify that knitting since olden times was widespread in many countries of the world. So, the earliest fromknintwears the wares found in Egypt and dated IX and X centuries of our era are considered. On the hypothesis of William Felkina, knitting was known yet in the days of Trojan war. In XV—XVI centuries, knitting actively enough spreads on Europe and grows into domestic employment and profitable handicraft. Thus, cudya on archaeological finds, it is possible to assert that the technique of knitting has a national origin and substantial community of ancient ornamentalnyih forms and handicraft receptions. It is important to mark also,thathe technique of knitting possesses originality and regional features historically, and, simultaneously, stipulates functional unity, community of technology and ornamentatsii of knits at nationalities resident in many countries of the world, and also on territory of Russia and nearby with her regions. In Russia history of origin of knitting also is not certain a temporal period. From sheep wool of the domestic spinning since olden times bound mittens, mittens, socks, knee-guards. The patterned varicoloured knitting is more studied in our country on spokes is an ancient, original type of artistic handicraft. Development and perfection of receptions of hand-knit resulted in forming of varieties of this eldest type of needlework of the — knitting on spokes, by a hook, on a "fork", on a knitting machine. The historically folded ancient ornamentalnyie forms and handicraft receptions of technique of knitting on spokes became artistically-technological basis of modern artistic handicraft of — of the delicate shawl knitting of South Ural. A question about priority influence of certain etno-kulturnyih traditions on the process of origin and development of delicate puhovyazania in this region serves as until now the article of disagreements among scientists. Suppositions speak out on the basis of the archived data and archaeological researches, that hand handicraft the — weaving and knitting of — was one of the most ancient traditional domestic employments at the tyurkoyazyichnyih people of South Ural, that knew the rational methods of menage, receptions of purveyance of yarn and of knitting downy wares. However, in spite of presence of wares from a fuzz, researchers consider that nomads — Bashkirs, Kazakhs, Kirghizs et al did not have tradition of delicate puhovyazania. According to statement of scientists, an origin and development of this tradition stipulated forming of environment of the cossacks on territories of South Ural, predominance of Russians in socially-ethnic composition of population of Orenburzhya, their knowledge of traditions and techniques of woman needlework — knitting, weaving, kruzhevopleteniya. Analysing the artistically-technological features of technique of delicate puhovyazania and Orenburg delicate shawls, scientists came to the conclusion, that delicate puhovyazanie of South Ural attained the greatest development in Orenburzhe.

Vasilchenko A.A., Shleyuk S.G.
TYPOLOGICAL COMMUNITY AND DISTINCTIONS TRADITIONAL KNITTED SCARF OF SOUTH URAL AND VOLGA REGION ^{[№ 5 ' 2014]}
Questions typological community and regional peculiarities of the artistic-technological structure of traditional crocheted shawl of the southern Urals and the Volga region are connected with the consideration of the stylistic originality and artistic features crocheted shawl as a unique artistic phenomenon, which is inseparable from the history of development of art craft of knitting and special aesthetics of the material. However, a comprehensive art assessment of this phenomenon is practically not understood.

Holodilina T.N., Vasilchenko A.S. Kondakova K.S.
RESEARCH OF INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF A SUBSTRATUM ON ADHESION OF MICROORGANISMS A METHOD OF NUCLEAR AND POWER MICROSCOPY ^{[№ 10 ' 2013]}
Nanostructural changes experienced cellulose complexes with calcium and magnesium have been described using atomic force microscopy. The porosity of the samples was determined. Adhesion of bacteria model was dependent on the physical properties of these extruded samples.

Teslya A.V. Galaktionova L.V. Vasilchenko A.S., Yeliseyevа M.V.
ASSESSMENT OF POLLUTION OF TYPICAL AND SOUTHERN PETROLEUM CHERNOZEMS PREDURALIE ^{[№ 6 ' 2013]}
The problem of oil pollution of soils of forest-steppe and steppe landscapes of the Orenburg region. Based on the determination of hydrocarbons in the soil, the contamination levels and the typical southern black soil, and the degree of disturbance. The obtained data allow us to make recommendations to prevent adverse effects on the soil ecosystem.

Vasilchenko A.S., Yarullina D.R., Nikiyan H.N., Teslya A.V.
MORPHOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BACTERIA BACILLUS CEREUS AT VARIOUS STAGES OF THE LIFE CYCLE ^{[№ 10 ' 2012]}
Using atomic force microscopy (AFM) the life cycle of spore-forming Gram-positive organisms Bacillus cereus IP 5832 was investigated. The morphological and mechanical changes of single bacterial cells by their long-term culturing were described. It is shown decreasing the number of viable cells at the 5 day of cultivation and no viable cells in bacterial population at 15 day. In this case, the presence of spores which are morphologically differentiated forms of resting cells was revealed by AFM.

Ashikkalieva K.H., Kanygina O.N., Vasilchenko A.S.
THE MODIFICATIONS OF MONOCRYSTAL SILICON SURFACE UNDER ISOTHERMIC AND LASER ANNEALINGS ^{[№ 9 ' 2012]}
The modifications of monocrystal silicon surface were studied under laser and isothermic annealings by optical, atomic-force microscopy and fractal analysis. It was shown that silicon surface had melted and periodic structures had formed on it under the laser annealing, whereas the redistribution of dislocations and formation of the oxidation film were revealed under the isothermic annealing.

Vasilchenko A.S., Nikiyan H.N., Deryabin D.G.
THE USE OF AGAROSE FILMS AS MODEL STRUCTURES FOR ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPE PREPARATION FOR FURTHER STUDY OF THE ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF BACTERIAL CELLS ^{[№ 12 ' 2011]}
Elastic properties of agarose films depending on the concentration and relative humidity of the samples environment were quantitatively characterized using atomic force microscopy in force spectroscopy mode. The results are discussed in the context of agarose films use as a test reference material to prepare an atomic force microscope for the further study of the mechanical properties of bacterial cells.

Vasilchenko A.A., Shleyuk S.G.
THE INDIVIDUAL AUTHOR'S METHOD OF TRANSFORMING AN ORENBURG LACE SHAWL IN THE ART OBJECT — A DECORATIVE PANEL ^{[№ 9 ' 2011]}
The article discusses the transformation of the artistic image of folk art and technology, the example of the traditional methods of down making in Orenburg region, into the individual author's method of open-work. It defines modifications of national product functions from utilitarian openwork scarf to an element that organizes the subject-spatial environment — the art-object. It is stated that the current attitude to the tradition should be built, above all, through understanding the specifics of artistic traditions and way of structural and technological foundations of arts and crafts.

V.P. Kovalevskiy, A.V. Vorobyov, M.A.Vasilchenko
TEMPUS / TACIS EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES AND MODERN HIGHER PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT IN EUROPE AND RUSSIA. ^{[№ 3 ' 2000]}
This article depicts the university activities experience in international educational project tempus. Modern European and Russian educational systems analysis is given in this article.