Sizova E.A., Romanova A.P., Umrihina V.V
THE USE OF FLUCTUATING ASYMMETRY ALBURNUS ALBURNUS AND RANA RIDIBUNDA TO EVALUATE THE QUALITY OF THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT ^{[№ 8 ' 2017]}
Rivers of the Orenburg region are susceptible to the emergence of various environmental problems, as experienced significant anthropogenic and technogenic load. To date, the shortcomings in the system for monitoring ecological status of water bodies, which is based only on the determination of pollutants and their comparison with maximum permissible concentrations, is pretty obvious, and more preference is given to biological methods of assessing the state of the environment. Biological assessment can be implemented through the use of organisms-bioindicators, which in this work are Alburnus alburnus and Rana ridibunda. Analysis of stability of development of morphological structures of these animals allows you to set the class of water quality in the studied reservoirs according to the index, CAP (the number of asymmetric manifestations on the symptom). During the selection of animals a class of water quality in the river Sakmara and the Ural river at the study sites. The results of a study of fluctuating asymmetry showed class 3 of water quality (polluted) with index CAP 0.4 and 0.58 for Alburnus alburnus and Rana ridibunda, respectively, in the control points, which was the plot of the Sakmara river near the village of Lenin and the land of the Ural river in the vicinity of the pedestrian bridge on the “Promenade” of the city of Orenburg. And 4 and 5 grade quality (dirty and very dirty) with index CAP from 0.47 to 0.6 for Alburnus alburnus and from 0.61 to 0.73 for Rana ridibunda in the areas of the Sakmara river near the railway bridge within the boundaries of the village Berdy and near the road bridge on St. Brothers korostelevyh, as well as the territories of the Ural river near the railway bridge in the Central Area of Orenburg in close proximity to garden Association “Gazovik” and in the area of road bridge, located on Country road. The data obtained demonstrate the possibility of using fluctuating asymmetry to evaluate the ecological status of the water environment.

Kozhevnikova E.A., Ledneva S.A., Sizova E.A., Arinzhanov A.E.
BIOECOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE ARTIFICIAL POND MODEL UNDER EXPERIMENTAL METALS CONTAMINATION IN THE NANOFORM ^{[№ 5 ' 2017]}
In the course of production, nanoparticles inevitably enter the environment, including water, which leads to a change in the quality of water and poses a danger to aquatic organisms. In this case, it is expedient to study the evaluation of the effect of metal nanoparticles on aquatic hydrobionts on survival indices, identifying potential risks that arise when nanoparticles of these metals enter aquatic biocenoses. In this paper we made bioecological evaluation of artificial pond model under experimental contamination with nanoparticles such as Fe, Fe₃O₄, Ni, NiO, using Lemna minor L., Limnea stagnalis, Danio rerio as model organisms. There were revealed specific adaptation features of organisms with different levels of organization to the presence of corresponding nanoparticles in the habitat with limits assessment of their tolerance. During the organisms survival test under conditions of modelled aquabiocenosis, a number of methods were chosen to increase toxicity from nanoparticles to iron oxide nanoparticles regardless of the concentration and the Ni→NiO→Fe→ Fe₃O₄ exposure period. It is shown that nanoparticles of iron and its oxide in all investigated concentrations, represent a great danger for hydrobionts in the conditions of artificially created aquabiocenoses, than Ni and NiO nanoparticles, due to greatest toxicity.

Notova S.V., Slobodskov A.A., Bokov D.A., Sizova E.A.
SRC GENE EXPRESSION IN CHANGING PLACENTAL TISSUESAFTER EXPOSURE TO COPPER NANOPARTICLES ^{[№ 12 ' 2016]}
The SRC gene is a protooncogene with vague regulatory functions. Protein products of its expression are tyrosinkinases that modulate membrane receptors to cytokines involved in cell proliferation and differentiation. Placental insufficiency and placental immaturity are characterized by complicated pathogenesis, so morphogenetic and regulatory aspects of their development are not clearly defined. In addition, inevitable usage of nanostructured substances for the purpose of medical diagnosis and treatment is presently evident. There were shown toxigenic features of nanoparticles for placental tissues leading to intolerable decline in surface area of the chorion and fetal-placental metabolic rate. The aim of the research is to establish connections between c-src gene expression and structural processes of chorial remodeling after damage. The study shows the main mechanisms of placental adaptation after exposure to copper nanoparticles (dose 1.0 mg/kg) administered to pregnant Wistar rats throughout the gestation period. The first mechanism consists in the increase in the proportion of intermediate villi and their processes, the second one is the increase in volume of syncytial knots. As a result, new formation of structures is observed, including terminal villi. The src gene expression was detected in epithelial cells of syncytial knots, as well as on separate epithelial sites of intermediate and terminal villi (induced epithelium). SRC gene is also actively expressed in fibroblasts of fetal stroma. Decidua and peripheral portion of trophoblast in spongy zone do not contain signs of SRC gene activity. Thus, there was established that SRC gene plays a regulatory role increasing processes of chorionic villi growth in placenta after exposure to copper nanoparticles and consequent damage.

Kozhevnikova Е.А., Sizova E.A.
SPECIES COMPOSITION OF IXODES TICKS FAUNA IN ORENBURG REGION ^{[№ 9 ' 2014]}
The paper presents the results of the collection of ticks in the Orenburg region. The study was conducted ixodid fauna about 30 administrative districts of the Orenburg region, whereby we collected 3202 ticks representative of 4 species: Dermacentor marginatus, Dermacentor reticulatus, Hyalomma detritum, Ixodes persulcatus. The most common and dangerous to humans are the following: D. reticulatus, D. marginatus, I. Persulcatus.

Notova S.V., Timasheva A.B., Lebedev S.V., Sizovа E.A.,Miroschnikov S.V.
ELEMENT STATUS AND BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF BLOOD LABORATORY ANIMALS WHEN ADMINISTERED INTRAMUSCULARLY ASPARGINATA AND COPPER NANOPARTICLES ^{[№ 12 ' 2013]}
The paper presents the results of a study of the element status and biochemical composition of the blood of laboratory animals when copper in various forms. It was revealed that the performance of mineral metabolism depend on the physical and chemical form of the metal. Since the introduction of copper aspartate accompanied by significant increase in concentration of Co, Cu, Ca, P, Sr against decrease I, Se, Pb. At the same time the introduction of copper nanoparticles increases the concentration of Cu, Ca, P, Al, Sr, against reduction Pb and I. when introduced into the body of copper in nanoform, biochemical blood indices have lower values than in a asparginata.

Sizova Е.А., Polyakova V.S.
ASSESSMENT OF THE INTENSITY OF REACTION PERLS IN THE TARGET ORGAN IN RATS WHEN ADMINISTERED IRON NANOPARTICLES ^{[№ 10 ' 2013]}
The results of studies of the effect of iron nanoparticles on the intensity of display quality response to iron in the spleen and liver in the intramuscular route of administration of the body. The intensity of the reaction in the organs is dose-dependent. In the liver, marked individual hepatocytes and Kupffer cells giving a positive reaction and activation work. In the spleen, only at a dose of 6 mg/kg macrophages give a positive reaction, while increasing the dose to 14 mg/kg reduced the number of cells having positive Perls, indicating deployment kompensatono-adaptation reactions aimed at preventing the organ hemosiderosis.

Sizova E.A., Miroshnikov S.A., Lebedev S.V., Glushchenko N.N.
EFFECT OF MULTIPLE DOSES OF NANOPARTICLES COPPER ON THE ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF RAT LIVER ^{[№ 6 ' 2012]}
The results of studies on the effect of copper nanoparticles on the mineral composition of the liver with varying degrees of stress the body. Is set change the microelement status of the liver and increase the ratio of trace elements in the direction of the elements that have influence gen damaging.

Sizova Е. А., Tantsikuzhina А.А., Polyakova V.S.
EXPRESSION OF MARKERS OF APOPTOSIS IN LIVER CELLS AT DIFFERENT WAYS ADMINISTRATION OF COPPER NANOPARTICLES ^{[№ 12 ' 2011]}
Results of research on copper nanoparticles influence on index of readiness to apoptosis and structural changes of liver, under copper multiple introductions into organism of animals are presented in the article. Received data enables us to propose using index of cells readiness to apoptosis defined by Caspase-3 expression as a criterion for copper nanoparticles introduction safety assessment.

Sizova E.A., Rusakova E.A.
MINERAL COMPOSITION AND THE STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL REORGANIZATION OF THE LIVER OF THE MAMMALS AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF DIFFERENT FOOD RATION MINERAL PROVISION ^{[№ 12 ' 2010]}
Comprehensive experimental studies of mineral composition and structural-functional changes in the liver with different mineral provision of food ration in the conditions of creating the model of the scarcity of microcells in the organism of experimental animal with the subsequent start in the food ration of complex essential microcells and toxic doses of Cd and Pb.

Sizova Е.А.
MINERAL COMPOSITION AND MORPHOFUNCTIONAL ASPECTS OF HEPAR REORGANIZATION UNDER INTRAJEJUNAL ADMINISTRATION OF COPPER NANOPARTICLES TYPE CU10X ^{[№ 6 ' 2010]}
The article covers comprehensive analysis over changes in structure and function of hepar under intrajejunal administration of nanoparticles of metals-microelements by the example of modified copper nanoparticles in order to determine basic criterion for safety in the course of metal nanoparticles introduction in the organism of an animal aimed at coming to a conclusion of possibility of using nanoparticles of metals-microelements in creating preparations with polyfunctional and extended effect.

Sizova E.A., Lebedev S.V., Polyakova V.S., Glushchenko N.N.
STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL REORGANIZATION OF THE RAT SPLEEN IN INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION OF CU 10X COPPER NANOPARTICLES ^{[№ 2 ' 2010]}
By using immuno-histochemical method we revealed features of structural and functional reorganization of the rat spleen in single and multiple intramuscular injection of copper nanoparticles.

Lebedev S.V., Rakhmatullin Sh.G., Grechushkin A.I., Sizova E.A.
MINERAL STATUS OF ANIMAL ORGANISM ON THE BACKGROUND OF DIFFERENT NUTRIENT PROVISION ^{[№ 6 ' 2009]}

Sizova E.A., Rakhmatullin Sh.G., Chursina N.Yu., Boyarova O.V., Ibryaeva R.R.
BIOCHEMICAL AND MORPHOLOGIC INDEXES OF CHICKEN-BROILERS BLOOD AT DIFFERENT LEVEL OF EXCHANGE ENERGY AND MINERAL STRUCTURE OF RATION ^{[№ 6 ' 2009]}

Bogoslovskaya O.A., Sizova E.A., Polyakova V.S., Miroshnikova S.A., Leipunsky I.O., Olkhovskaya I.P., Glushchenko N.N.
STUDYING OF SAFETY OF COPPER NANOPARTICLES INTRODUCTION WITH DIFFERENT PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS INTO ANIMALS’ ORGANISM ^{[№ 2 ' 2009]}
The appraisal of safety of metals nanoparticles introduction into animals’ organism was conducted at indexes of toxicity (MPD – maximal tolerable dose, LD₅₀, LD₁₀₀) of copper nanoparticles, which are different at size and content of crystalline copper in nucleus of particles. It is established that particles with size 33,8 ± 0,3 nm have more toxicity in comparison with nanoparticles with size 103,0 ± 2,0 nm. The toxicity of modified copper nanoparticles is in 2.5 – 6 times less then toxicity of copper salts.

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