Aznabaev R.A., Shavaleeva K.R.
PREVENTION OF DEHYDRATION CORNEAL FLAP DURING THE PROCEDURE LASIK ^{[№ 12 ' 2015]}
LASIK procedure in patients with high myopia is related with a long period and increasing depth of ablation. These featuresmay cause postoperative complications such as epithelial ingrowth under the flap, aseptic inflammation,flap dystrophy syndrome, thereby reducing patient satisfaction and lengthening the period of rehabilitation after surgery, as well as the development of dry eye disease. 1 month after surgery average score of lacrimal functional complex assessment in the study group was 3.1±0.7. In 8 patients (33 %) state of lacrimal functional complex was in the normal range (0 points), 16 (64 %) — borderline (1 to 10 points). Average score in comparison group was higher than in the study (5.2 ± 1.3, p < 0.05). Lacrimal functional complex was within normal limits in 3 patients (15 %), 17 (85 %) — in a boundary condition. At 3-month follow-average score was 1.9 ± 1.1) and 3.6 ± 0.8) (p < 0.05), lacrimal functional complex within the normal range in 14 and 6 patients, respectively. Application of the proposed method of protection of corneal flap from dehydration during LASIK in a limited surgical field, prevents the flap shrinkage, thus contributing the full adaptation of the flap edges to avoid postoperative complications and to achieve maximum optical effects, as well as reduce the risk of dry eye in patients with high myopia.

Shavaleeva K.R., Aznabaev R.A.
DRY EYE SYNDROME IN LASIK PLANNING: CAUSES AND METHODS OF DIAGNOSIS (REVIEW) ^{[№ 12 ' 2015]}
Dry eye symptoms are fairly common in patients prior to LASIK, very often due to dry eye-associated contact lens intolerance leading patients to seek alternate methods of refractive error correction. This review presents the main causes of dry eye syndrome and methods for its diagnosis. The prevalence of dry eye symptoms prior to undergoing LASIK is estimated to be between 38 and 75 %. Post-LASIK, it has been widely shown that a majority of patients complain of dry eye symptoms, especially in the early postoperative period. Immediately after LASIK, 95 % of patients report some dry eye symptoms. Dry eye symptoms are reported in as high as 60 % of patients 1 month after LASIK. Post-LASIK dry eye usually peaks in the first few months after surgery, and then symptoms begin to improve in the vast majority of patients at 6–12 months after surgery. Despite this, in some patients dry eye syndrome is retained for a longer period, significantly reducing the quality of life after LASIK. Diagnostics of dry eye syndrome still presents significant challenges for the practicing physician. The heterogeneity of the causes of dry eye syndrome and the absence of "gold standard" diagnostic dictates the need to develop principles of forecasting its occurrence and differentiated pathogenetically oriented prevention dry eye syndrome at LASIK. Identifying preoperative dry eyes, and treatment in the perioperative time period, can lead to enhanced patient satisfaction and more accurate visual outcomes.