Zainullin R.M., Faizrakhmanov R.R., Gilyazova I.I.
IS INTO FUNCTIONAL ZONES, THE CENTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RETINA IN PATIENTS WITH MACULAR-YEAR-OLD DIABETIC ^{[№ 12 ' 2015]}
One of the most significant manifestations of diabetes mellitus is a form of retinal lesion as diabetic macular edema (DME), leading to the inevitable loss of vision and disability of patients of working age. Currently, one of the main ways of visualization of retinal lesions and DME is optical coherence tomography (OCT). Regular and objective measurement of the optical density of the macular pigment (MPOD) is justified by the research in the pathology department of central area of the retina. Microperimetry used to assess the functional state of the macular area, allowing the light to determine the sensitivity of the macular area, even in patients with low visual acuity. Determination of MPOD and its relationship with functional and morphological parameters of the central area of the retina at the DME can serve as an additional diagnostic criterion of pathological process. The evaluation of morphological and functional changes in the retinal layers and MPOD as a diagnostic criterion of pathological process in patients with DME. Patients with DME amounted Group I — 19 patients (20 eyes), in group II included 12 patients (20 eyes) without retinal pathology, comparable in age. In the analysis of OCT cartograms in patients of Group II average total retinal thickness was equal to (298.3 ± 6.43) mm, while the patients I — this figure as a result of edema increased by 35 % and amounted to (404.62 ± 15.23) m. Interpreting the results of studies of MPOD, revealed a significant decline in the average optical density, maximum optical density, the volume of macular pigment in patients of Group I in comparison with the control group (p < 0.05). Based on the microperimetry data of central zone of the retina, patients of group I remained central locking and stable, and the size of the field of fixation did not exceed 4°. Indicators light sensitivity were reduced by an average of 9 dB and amounted to (9.85 ± 0.09) dB. Revealed a sharp decline of the optical density of the macular pigment, light sensitivity in patients with DME. Established correlation between quantitative data of MPOD and of area of macular edema according to OCT.

Faizrakhmanov R.R., Kalanon M.R., Zainullin R.M.
VITRECTOMY COMBINED WITH PEELING OF THE INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE IN DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA (LITERATURE REVIEW) ^{[№ 12 ' 2015]}
A review of published data to evaluate the effectiveness of vitrectomy combined with internal limiting membrane peeling in the treatment of refractory diabetic macular edema. Most authors agree that this type of surgical treatment contributes to a significant regression of edema, the stabilization of the process and improvement of visual functions. It was found that the most effective treatment for diabetic macular edema, beginning with intravitreal injection of ranibizumab, and then ILM peeling.

Gil'manshin T.R., Faizrakhmanov R.R., Gilyazova I.I., Yarmukhametova A.L.
MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CENTRAL ZONE OF THE RETINA INTERFACE IN PATIENTS WITH RETINAL VEIN THROMBOSIS ^{[№ 12 ' 2014]}
Studied basic morphometric and structural indicators of the macular area of the retina in 15 patients with retinal vein thrombosis using optical coherence tomography. Revealed that the swelling is the main morphological substrate contributing to structural changes in the central area of the retina retinal vein thrombosis, and is cystic in nature. Increase in total retinal thickness (up to 386,97±16,26 m) in this pathology is largely due to structural changes zones covering outer plexiform, inner nuclear layer and the layer of nerve fibers with internal limiting membrane. At the same time there is a significant increase in the thickness of the outer screen (up to 94,94±5,08 mm) and inner nuclear (up to 54,6±3,26 mm) layers, which determines the selectivity of the pathological process.

Fayzrakhmanov R.R., Zaynullin R.M., Gil'manshin T.R., Yarmuhametova A.L.
MAPPING FOVEOLAR ZONE IN IDIOPATHIC MACULAR HOLE ^{[№ 12 ' 2014]}
The estimation of the state of foveolar area of the retina in idiopathic macular hole from the morphological side using optical coherence tomography and functional — with the help of the method Microperimetry. Revealed that the occurrence of idiopathic macular rupture accompanied by gross morphological disorders of the central area of the retina with a lesion mainly the inner layers, as well as a decrease in light activity in all sectors from the periphery to the center of the fixation point offset in the temporal direction.

Fayzrakhmanov R.R., Bikbov M.M., Yarmukhametova A.L.
RETINA CENTRAL PART CHANGE AT SPONGY DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA ACCORDING TO OPTICAL COHERENT TOMOGRAPHY DATA ^{[№ 12 ' 2012]}
There is a spongy retinal swelling of 48% in the whole diabetic macular edema. The study found that if patient has the spongy macular edema, there is pathological damage in the outer nuclear layer of the retina, the outer plexiform, retinal pigment epithelium, which determines the change in the total profile of the macular area.

Yarmukhametova A.L., Fayzrakhmanov R.R., Valyamov R.L.
LASER PHOTOCOAGULATION OF NEOVASCULAR MEMBRANE AT AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION WET FORM CONSIDERING MICROPERIMETRY DATA ^{[№ 12 ' 2012]}
The growth of classic neovascular membrane causes the reducing of light sensitivity up to 0 dB, this allows to determine the localization of neovascular membrane and make laser photocoagulation considering the visual fields loss.