Filippov A.A., Dudchenko O.V.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGULATORY BASE REGULATING ECOLOGICAL SAFETY OF VEHICLES ^{[№ 9 ' 2015]}
Now development of system of technical rationing of ecological indicators of vehicles (automatic telephone exchange) goes on the way of globalization and toughening, that is creation of supranational standards which purpose is providing the demanded ecological indicators, including durability of systems of cleaning and neutralization of the fulfilled gases, on design stages and productions. This tendency promote that the low level of ecological danger of automatic telephone exchange established at certified tests of type will be confirmed and remain during all life cycle in actual practice of operation. In the developing conditions changes in basic normative documents which are already entered are important or will be entered in foreseeable prospect. After all they, eventually, will define in the future procedure of control and restriction of the admission in operation of the automatic telephone exchange having the malfunctions influencing ecological safety, and also a role of periodic technical inspections. The purpose of this article is the analysis of system of technical rationing of ecological indicators of automatic telephone exchange. The analyzed normative documents are grouped in the realization level (the first main level is realized at design stages and productions of automatic telephone exchange, the second  — at an operational phase of automatic telephone exchange), and also by the form requirements to ecological characteristics of automatic telephone exchange (the gaseous and visible polluting substances [PS], "climatic" gases [CO₂] and fuel consumption, the made noise). Toughening of norms on a lot of emissions and to quantity of controlled ZV, and also complication of test cycles for the purpose of their bigger binding to real service conditions is noted. Besides, in amendments are considered widely adopted recently hybrid and gas cylinder automatic telephone exchanges. Comparison of features of rationing of ecological indicators of automatic telephone exchange is given in EU countries and Russia. In the conclusion tendencies of development of the regulatory base regulating ecological safety of automatic telephone exchange, and, first of all, the changes concerning periodic technical inspections reveal.

Kuksanov V.F., Filippov A.A., Dudchenko O.V.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS OF INTRODUCTION STIMULATION OF GAS MOTOR FUEL ON ROUTE TRANSPORT (ON THE EXAMPLE OF ORENBURG) ^{[№ 10 ' 2014]}
In article the problem of replacement of liquid motor fuels by natural gas due to increase of efficiency of ecological and economic instruments of introduction stimulation of gas motor fuel on the motor transport is solved. The method of calculation of a payment for emissions of harmful substances from mobile sources on the basis of the accounting of level of ecological danger of any considered fuel used instead of basic fuel (gasoline or diesel fuel) is improved. By a technique the assessment of ecological and economic effect of the translation of shuttle buses of Orenburg on natural gas on the example of the large motor transportation enterprise is executed.