Vorobyev A.E., Alferov I.N., Murzaeva A.K.
SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH TECHNOLOGIES IN MODERN HIGHER PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION ^{[№ 1 ' 2018]}
Summary: NAt the present time transition of world economy to new economic way assumes defined change of the applied approaches and techniques and in higher education where the mission of the higher school in relation to society has to be definitely “advancing”, but not just match his current inquiries and the needs. Therefore the task of training of high quality experts for the knowledge-intensive branches of national economy corresponding to the modern level of the market relations is set for the Russian education system. For this purpose radical restructuring and reorientation of all system of higher education is required. Researches findings revealed that the most effective way of receiving quality education for students of higher educational institutions is their real participation in scientific research, for example, use of the technologies which are directly including informative and educational activity of students. This method includes such general scientific aspects as systematization of scientific information, its analysis, laboratory researches, generalization of the received results. In educational and research activity of students such stages as a formulation of a research objective and research tasks, promotion of the main hypothesis, search of ways of their check, theoretical and experimental check of hypotheses and discussion of the received results are necessary. The proposed solutions will allow to apply effectively the latest scientific developments in educational process and to carry out vocational training of modern level.

Vorobyev A.E., Orcuhaeva Z.Sh., Alferova N.N.
HYDROLOGICAL FEATURES OF CHANNEL DEFORMATIONS OF MOUNTAIN RIVERS (FOR TEREK RIVER EXAMPLE) ^{[№ 10 ' 2015]}
This article deals with the problems of channel deformations in the lower reaches of the Terek river. The studies the authors reviewed the historical aspects of formation of strain bank of the Terek, which were the result of floods in the flood period. Also, the authors paid attention to change the channel and the bottom of the Terek river a result of increased sediment load. The processes and causes manifestations of vertical and horizontal deformation of the river bed. Identifies and describes the characteristics of sediment yield increase due to lower transport capacity of flow caused by abstraction of water in irrigation and water channels, which corresponds to the emergence of targeted accumulation in river delta watercourses, reduced cross-sectional area between the flood protection dikes, increase the likelihood of flooding. Considerable attention is paid to the average annual consumption of suspended sediment in the river section from the top of the delta to the station. Kargalinskaya. Particular attention is paid to the deformation of the longitudinal profile of the river bed below Kargaly waterworks. The article examines the processes of regressive erosion of the banks, which led to a decrease in cross-sectional area of the river, and led to an increase in the area of flooded land. The article also examined the characteristic vibrations of the Caspian Sea and the cause of the Delta in the lower reaches of the Terek river. As a research task has been defined by the authors attempt to assess the features of channel deformations of mountain rivers, and the conclusion on this issue.

Taranovskaya E.A., Sobgayda N.A., Alferov I.N., Morev P.V.
SEWAGE TREATMENT USING CHITOSAN ^{[№ 10 ' 2015]}
This paper studied the unique properties of chitosan and its use. The technology of obtaining chitosan from shellfish waste recycling field, ie the shell of walking limbs Kamchatka king crab. The characteristics of the chemical composition of the shell. Showing the steps of isolating chitin chemically — a stage of demineralization and deproteinirovaniya. The technology of chitosan production is the reaction from the cleavage of the structural unit of chitin acetyl groups represented in the article. Chitosan is obtained by the presented technology used for wastewater treatment from cations of heavy metals and suspended solids. We prove that the wastewater treatment from suspended solids using chitosan is more effective in a shorter period of time. Includes photographs of wastewater containing suspended solids without and after treatment with a solution of chitosan. Also investigated were the model waste water containing heavy metal cations (Cd²⁺, Pb²⁺, Zn²⁺), which was added to purify the chitosan solution in 2% acetic acid in different ratios. It was found that the optimal ratio of chitosan solution to the model drains is 10 ml per 1 000 ml of solution, further increasing chitosan supplements are not advisable. Efficacy effluent from heavy metal ions by chitosan is from 50 to 80 % and depends on the nature of the metal cation. The most effective wastewater treatment is achieved for cadmium cations.

Chirkova V.S., Sobgayda N.A., Alferov I.N., Rzazade F.O.
SEWAGE TREATMENT GALVANIZING PLANT (ON THE EXAMPLE LLC EPO "SIGNAL" ENGELS) ^{[№ 10 ' 2015]}
This paper studied the major environmental problems of mechanical engineering in Russia, the main ones being the wastewater etching and electroplating facilities. The analysis of the wastewater treatment system galvanizing plant engineering plants LLC EPO "Signal" (Engels, Saratov region). The main source of pollution of the environment in this production is the electroplating, which according to the FZ-116 on June 21, 1997 attributed to the hazardous production facilities. After chromium plating process produces waste water for cleaning the reagent used in the enterprise process (neutralization), whose efficiency reaches 60 %. The analysis of wastewater Ltd. EPO "Signal" after neutralization indicated that the content of heavy metal cations and oil discharge ratios than in urban sewer systems and requires additional purification. The article proposes to upgrade the existing wastewater treatment scheme Ltd. EPO "Signal", by using a reverse osmosis membrane and ozonation. Enhanced cleaning allow reduction of pollution to 95–98 %. Calculate the concentration of heavy metal cations in the effluent LLC EPO "SIGNAL" after a three-stage purification significantly lower limit values, which will provide closed water and use purified water for washing parts, as well as to eliminate the penalties to the company.

Gaev A.Ya., Albakasov D.A., Gatskov V.G., Blinov S.M., Mikhailov Yu.V., Alferova N.S., Belan L.N.
GEOECOLOGICAL TASKS AT MINING REGIONS (ON THE EXAMPLES OF ORENBURG REGION) ^{[№ 6 ' 2006]}
Man-caused load on environment increases constantly in mining regions of Orenburg region because of activity of mining-smelting and fuel-energy enterprises. The appraisal of geoecological situation is made; schemes of the territory typification which repel its vulnerability to pollution are constructed. Types of regions differed at vulnerability to pollution are distinguished. It is recommended to place ecological dangerous objects on weakly vulnerability to pollution areas. Also there are some recommendations of water consumption perfection.

Adigamova Z.S., Gaev A.Ya., Gatckov V.G., Leontieva T.V.
ABOUT ZONATION OF TERRITORY BY LEVEL OF VULNERABILITY TO THE POLLUTION. ^{[№ 5 ' 2004]}
The scheme of typification of the territory of Orenburg gas - industrial complex is build. 5 types of districts by different level of vulnerability to the pollution are singled out. Each of them is characterized by its meaning of module of let - go pollution from 70 tones/ km2 and higher to 5 tones/ km2 and lower. The building of ecologically dangerous objects is recommended to build on the areas, characterized by enough weak vulnerability to pollution.