March 2016, № 3 (191)

Elizareva E.N., Yanbaev Y.A., Kulagin A.Y. PLANTS FOR PHYTOREMEDIATION OF HEAVY METALS CONTAMINATED WATERCurrently the growing flow of heavy metals from wastewater into natural water bodies assumes the character of a global environmental threat. Causing serious environmental damage, heavy metals have biological activity, mutagenic and carcinogenic properties, resulting in the poisoning and death of the organism. To minimize the negative effect of heavy metals on the hydrosphere is necessary to develop new and improve existing wastewater treatment methods. The most effective, efficient and environmentally friendly wastewater treatment methods may be based on the ability of plants to accumulate toxicants. In order to select plants suitable for wastewater phytoremediation, the characteristics of the 18 plants grown in the model solutions containing heavy metals were studied. It has been shown that when added a mixture of ions (zinc, copper, cadmium, nickel and chromium), plants absorb them from the solution in smaller amounts than when added into the nutrient solution nickel or cadmium separately. At the same time the mixture of metals is more toxic to plants than individual metals. Heavy metals concentrations in the raw plant biomass were compared with the maximum permissible concentrations of metals in foods and the maximum allowable level of their content in forage. It was found that there is antagonism of metals accumulation by plants and synergism of metals toxic effect. Plant species (2 varieties of zucchini, corn and 1 varieties of cabbage) have been selected for phytoremediation of wastewater containing a mixture of heavy metals, with the possibility of further use of biomass as forage.Key words: heavy metals, toxicity, accumulation, tolerance, translocation, maximum allowable concentration.

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About this article

Authors: Elizaryeva E.N., Kulagin A.Yu., Yanbaev Yu.A.

Year: 2016

Editor-in-chief

Sergey Aleksandrovich
MIROSHNIKOV

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