Vasilchenko A.V., Vojvodina T.S.
THE PROBLEM OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF OIL POLLUTION OF SOILS ^{[№ 10 ' 2015]}
The analysis of the regulatory requirements on the content of oil in the soil in accordance with Russian and European regulatory legislation. It was found that the Russian Federation is still the norm oil content in the soil is not installed, there is no clear criterion estimates the degree of disturbance, which creates a problem of restoration of contaminated soils. To solve the problem of recovering oil-contaminated soil is necessary to define the criteria that can be considered safe for all objects in the environment. However, the specifics of different regulations on this issue no. In connection with this urgent problem is the imperfection of environmental legislation in relation to the MPC oil in natural soils. The results of research areas in the zone of the impact of the gas station, adjacent to the main highway. The concentration of oil in the soil of the objects. An assessment of their quality. By analyzing a wide variety of grades of grade oil content in the soil, we have found a discrepancy in the comparison of all these documents. Recommendations for reclamation of disturbed areas.

Voevodina T.S., Rusanov A.M., Vasilchenko V.A.
EFFECT OF OIL ON THE CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ORDINARY CHERNOZEM SOUTHERN URALS ^{[№ 10 ' 2015]}
The degradation of soils and landscapes is now a global phenomenon and is one of the main problems of ecology and soil science. Among the many factors of soil degradation is the contamination of its oil. The change of soil properties when oil pollution, as well as the processes of migration, accumulation and metabolism depend on the physico-chemical composition and amount of oil spilled, the soil-climatic and landscape conditions, soil type, availability of the different biochemical barriers, channels of migration and diffusion in the soil profile. At oil pollution is noticeable first of all change the chemical properties of the soil. The consequences of soil pollution by oil depends on the composition of hydrocarbons, its concentration and distribution in the soil profile, from the exposition period. A particularly negative impact on soil crude oil, which leads to changes in the chemical properties of soil and their strongest salinity. Oil contamination causes an abrupt increase in the content of organic carbon in soil from 3.5 to 9.8 % and contributes to the deterioration of the nitrogen regime of soils (the ratio of C:N ranges from 30 to 289) and the decrease in the content of mobile forms of phosphorus (average of 3.5 times). Soil pollution commodity oil (desalted and dehydrated) does not affect the acid-alkaline balance of the soil and crude oil causes an alkalinization of various degrees of soil solution that is depending on the oil concentration. Analysis of the aqueous extract of oil-polluted soils showed that when contaminated with crude oil dramatically increased the solids content, the nature of salinity is determined by the accumulation of sodium and chlorine ions, which is accompanied by a sharp decrease in the content of calcium ions in the soil solution.

Vojvodina T.S., Gabbasova I.M., Suleimanov R.R., Komissarov M.A., Suleimanov A.R.
SOIL RECLAMATION ASSESSMENT CHERNOSEM ORDINARY (ORENBURG REGION) ^{[№ 6 ' 2014]}
Abstract. The paper presents the results of soil– reclamation survey ordinary chernozem (Orenburg region). The detailed characterization of chemical, physico-chemical and agro-physical properties. It is shown that soils have relatively high potential fertility and natural, environmentally friendly, resistant to anthropogenic influences. In general, the array displays water and wind erosion are minor and are local in nature. Ordinary black suitable for cultivation as cereal and fodder crops under irrigation.