Semenova V.E., Semenov E.A.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK ETHNO-ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN NATURE AND SOCIETY ^{[№ 10 ' 2015]}
Optimization of natural resources, protecting the natural environment from destructive human impact is one of the main directions of Geoecology, economic, and social ecology. An important component of research is the study of ethnic specificity of the interaction of nature and society that allows you to determine the best form of coexistence and functioning of various peoples in the surrounding geographic environment. The impact of the surrounding landscape — one of the most important, at the same time, not entirely studied determinants of thinking, lifestyle, culture, economic activities and way of life of human communities. The need to fit in with the surrounding landscape causes people to develop a set of specific habits, which together add up to a particular landscape pattern. It becomes "second nature" of man and the main feature of his ethnicity. The first meaningful scientific approaches on the issue of ethnic specificity of the interaction between nature and society in the 18^th century. Widely known works of the classical deterministic influence of natural environment in the life of Nations, Montesquieu and J. Herder. Scientists of the late 19^th and early 20^th century, Vidal de La Blanche and F. Ratzel, A. I. Voeikov and S. M. Shirokogorov. In the second polovie of the 20^th century and now a significant contribution to the study of problems of ethnic ecology, ethnic relations between communities and natural habitats, was made by Russian scientists: V. P. Alekseev, Y. V. Bromley, L. N. Gumilev, V. I. Kozlov domestic and foreign, and D. Steward and E. Huntington. Important conceptual and theoretical direction of the study of relations between ethnic communities of people, and the natural environment their habitat is the concept of economic-cultural types of M. G. Levin and N. N. Cheboksarova, the theory of "anthropogenesis" V. P. Alekseev, the concept of atmogeochemical and interaction mechanisms in the system landscape — ethnos by L. N. Gumilev and conceptual framework of ethnic ecology, developed by V. I. Kozlov.