Khasanova R.F., Semenova I.N., Suyundukov Ya.T., Rafikova Yu.S., Biktimerova G.Y., Ilbulova G.R., Kuzhina G.Sh., Ilyina I.V.
ECOLOGICAL ESTIMATION OF POLLUTION BY HEAVY METALS OF SOILS OF INDUSTRIAL ZONES OF SIBAY CITY ^{[№ 12 ' 2017]}
The state of soils affects the environment and natural resources, the level of economic and social development and public health. In this paper, the content of heavy metals in the soils of the center of the mining industry of the Trans-Ural region of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Sibai, has been studied. Sibai soils contamination with heavy metals is associated with anthropogenic activity and differs in various degrees of concentration. In the soils, high concentrations of gross and mobile forms of Cu, Zn, Ni, Mn, Cd were detected. A number of accumulations of metals have been formed over the gross content: Zn < Cu < Co < Cd < Pb < Mn < Ni < Fe, from mobile forms: Cu < Zn < Mn < Cd < Ni < Co < Pb < Fe. According to the total pollution index, the ecological status of the studied urban soils is estimated as “moderately dangerous” and “permissible”.

Khasanov A.N., Khabirov I.K., Asylbaev I.G., Rafikov B.V.
BIOLOGICAL METHODS OF RESTORATION OF FERTILITY OF DEGRADIATED SOILS OF THE SOUTHERN URAL FOREST-STEPPE OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN ^{[№ 11 ' 2017]}
Intensive farming has led to the depletion of land resources, so the reproduction of soil fertility and the use of agroecological methods of farming systems is an important task of the present. The world community increasingly pays attention to those methods of agriculture that ensure the maximum crop yield with minimal impact on the environment. Biologization of agriculture is one of the important links in the production of ecological products and the reproduction of soil fertility. The paper presents the results of a study of the effect of various elements or components of biological methods for restoring soil fertility (wheat and pea straw, manure, siderates, poultry manure, sapropel) in comparison with mineral (NPK) 60 and without mineral for crop yields and agrochemical, agrophysical, physico-chemical and biochemical properties of soils. It has been established that biological methods of farming increase the humus content by an average of 0.1–0.15 %, in connection with which the fertility of the soil increases, which leads to an increase in yield by an average of 15–20 %. One of the most effective method of biologization of agriculture is the application of manure 15 tons per hectare and bird droppings at doses of 40 to 60 tons per hectare, which is why the yield of agricultural crops is increased by more than 25 percent, and the humus content is increased by 0.1–0.5 %. It is revealed that the application of biological farming systems increases the formation of humus and nitrogen reserves, exerts a complex effect on all factors of soil fertility, which ultimately leads to an increase in crop yields.

Semenova I.N., Rafikova Y.S., Mullagulova E.R.
HEAVY METALS IN HAIR OF RURAL POPULATION IN SOUTH-EASTERN BASHKORTOSTAN ^{[№ 10 ' 2015]}
The study of heavy metals in the soils of the south-east of the Republic of Bashkortostan (Abzelilovsky, Burziansky, Zianchurinsky, Zilairsky District), as well as in the hair living in this region of the population. It was revealed that the total content of copper and zinc in all studied soils do not exceed the maximum permissible concentration, with the exception of soil village Kananikolskoe Zilairsky District. Exceeding the maximum allowable concentration of copper detected mobile content in soils and Zianchurinsky and Zilairsky District, mobile zinc — in the soils of the village Kananikolskoe Zilairsky District. High levels of iron found in the soil of the village Malinovka Zianchurinsky District, cadmium — in the soils of the village Kananikolskoe Zilairsky District and village Abdryashevo Abzelilovsky area. In all the investigated soil samples found elevated levels of manganese, with the exception of soil Burzyansky area in which the contents of the mobile forms of the element does not exceed the maximum permissible concentration. The lead content in the soil does not exceed the maximum permissible concentration. Studies have microelement hair composition of the population of the Bashkir Trans-Urals showed that the content of a number of essential chemicals in the body does not meet the test persons optimal performance: revealed elevated levels of iron, manganese, nickel, zinc, low — copper, cobalt, chromium. This fact requires the development of scientific and practical measures to prevent imbalances of the body elements of the population and its correction.

Semenova I.N., Rafikova Y.S., Drovosekova I.V.
THE SELENIUM CONTENT IN THE HAIR OF TEENAGERS IN SIBAY ^{[№ 10 ' 2013]}
This article is devoted to the study of seleniumcontent in the hair of people living in the city of Sibai (Republic of Bashkortostan). The concentration of selenium in the hair of the population of Sibaiis below biologically acceptable level. The greatest deficiency of selenium detected in the hair of teenagers. The majority of people surveyed expressed error in the diet, regular use of vitamin and mineral supplements is common in the low percentage of cases.

Semenova I.N., Rafikova Yu.S.
STUDYING OF HEAVY METALS CONTENTS IN HAIR OF WORKERS FROM ORE MINING AND PROCESSING ENTERPRISE SIBAI CITY ^{[№ 6 ' 2009]}

Semenova I.N., Raficova Yu.S.
EDUCTION OF PROSTATIC SPECIFIC ANTIGEN LEVEL IN BLOOD OF WORKERS FROM MINERAL RESOURCE ENTERPRISES IN SIBAI CITY ^{[№ 6 ' 2009]}

Khabirov I.K., Asylbaev I.G., Yakupov I.Zh., Yakupova R.A., Rafikov B.V., Shakirov Yu.S.
APPRAISAL OF CHEMICAL POLLUTION DEGREE OF BLANKET OF SOUTH URAL ECOSYSTEMS ^{[№ 6 ' 2009]}

Bayramgulova G.R., Yunusbaev U.B., Rafikova N.R.
THE SOIL AS A SUBSTRATUM FOR DEVELOPMENT OF ASCARIS LUMBRICOIDES L., 1758 ^{[№ 12 ' 2008]}
In the Bashkir Trans-Urals, the ascarid eggs development on the surface in the steppe zone during spring and summer period is more 15-25 days; during autumn and winter period more 90-110; in the forest-and-steppe zone is more 20-40 and 110-130; in the mountain-and-forest zone is more 25-50 and 125-150; at the depth of 20 cm is more 25-40 and 100-120; 30-50 and 130-140; 35-60 and 140-170 days accordingly. The conditions for the ascarid eggs development on the surface in the steppe zone are formed since the 2-nd decade of April until the 1-nd decade of October; in the forest-and-steppe zone – since the 3-d decade of April until the 3-d decade of September; in the mountain-and-forest zone – since 1-nd decade of May until the 2-nd decade of September.

Rafikova N.T., Khalitova L.R.
ABOUT THEORETICAL BASES OF SALARY ESSENCE ^{[№ 5 ' 2008]}
Different theoretical approaches to the determination of salary essence are regarded in this article. Market conditions of economy have changed the content of salary which is necessary to account for aims of its regulation. In this connection the authors appropriate more important positions of economic school and suggest market principals of salary organization.