Klokova O.A., Sakhnov S.N., Zabolotniy A.G., Klokov A.V.
TO THE QUESTION OF PRIORITY OF REFRACTIVE ERRORS EXCIMER LASER CORRECTION IN COMPLEX TREATMENT OF REFRACTIVE AND ANISOMETROPIC AMBLYOPIA IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS ^{[№ 12 ' 2015]}
Amblyopia on the background of refractive errors, especially anisometropic, responds poorly to conservative treatment, is often accompanied by severe disorder of binocular functions and is one of the causes of visual disability. The study group included 19 patients (24 eyes) aged from 9 to 16 years (mean was 13.8 ± 0.85 years) with mixed astigmatism from 4.25 to 6.5 diopters (mean was 5.13 diopters ± 0.46 diopters). During the surgery and in the postoperative period the complications were not observed. As a result of laser correction in patients were achieved following refractive indices: decrease of astigmatism degree by 4.11 D ± 0.41 D (80.1 % of the initial value) and anisometropia degree — 4.0 D ± 0.53 D (88.1 % of the initial value). As a result of LASIK and FemtoLASIK the average UCVA of patients was statistically significantly higher than the average BCVA before surgery: 0.56 ± 0.15 and 0.44 ± 0.13 (P < 0.01) respectively. After the laser correction patients underwent laser stimulation and computer treatment courses. In 20.8 % of cases the increase in BCVA by 0.1–0.2 was observed, whereas preoperative conservative treatment was not given any effect. The efficacy and safety of laser correction determines its priority in complex treatment of refractive and anisometropic amblyopia in children and adolescents with mixed astigmatism. Decrease of amblyopia and anisometropia degree by LASIK and FemtoLASIK techniques improves the quality of vision and provides optimum social adaptation of children and adolescents.