Ivankova A.V., Suppes N.E.
ANALYSIS OF MORPHOTYPES OF APIKALNY OUTGROWTHS OF INFUSORIANS CYTOPLASM OF THE OPHRYOSCOLECIDAE FAMILY ^{[№ 6 ' 2017]}
Endobiontny infusorians of the Ophryoscolecidae family are the unique highly specialized group of organisms living in prestomachs ruminant. Upon transition to a way of life in inside organismal environment, they have undergone a row the morfofunktsionalnykh of adaptations at the level of aromorfoz. Ophryoscolecidae are almost completely deprived of a ciliary cover that is connected with dwelling in the environment with the increased mechanical density, the ciliary device consists of zones мембранелл and remains locally on the parietal end of a cage. Formation of cytoplasm outgrowths, various in a form, on the apikalny end of a cage (thorns, blades) is the most probable, is the morpho-physiological adaptation allowing an infusorian to keep in a hem of ruminant. Morpho-physiological, ecological and biological and phylogenetic researches of infusorians of a stomach of ruminant are necessary for clarifications of questions of systematization, evolution and the nature of relationship in system “for an infusorian — the owner”. According to the purpose of work morphotypes the apikalnykh of outgrowths of cytoplasm of infusorians of the Ophryoscolecidae family from a hem of cattle of the Ishim district have been revealed. During the research in the territory of the Ishim district of the Tyumen region 22 look the endobiontnykh of the infusorians relating to 9 families of the Ophryoscolecidae family are noted. It is established that in community офриосколецид “unaided individuals” офриосколецид prevail (71.8 %), among the “armed” morphotypes (28.2 %) the group of protozoa supplied with 1 thorn on an apikalny pole of a cage (19.59 %) is most presented. The specified ratio of various morphotypes is statistically reliable and confirms a hypothesis according to which endobiontny infusorians, living in specific conditions of a digestive tract of ruminant, are forced to adapt to the increased mechanical density of the environment, in communication with what the abundance of the organisms deprived of any additional outgrowths for simplification of the movement is observed. On the other hand, peristaltic reduction of a digestive tract causes the necessity to resist to current of food masses and to keep in the top departments of a stomach and the most adaptive adaptation for this purpose is existence of 1 powerful thorn.