Demenev D.A.
FORMATION OF STUDENTS’ PROFESSIONAL AND LABOR EXPERIENCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS ^{[№ 3 ' 2025]}
In the context of a dynamically changing professional environment and increasing demands on specialists, higher education institutions are faced with the task of preparing graduates who are able to successfully integrate into the labor market and adapt to work in a rapidly changing professional environment. For effective professional training, it is not enough to simply transfer theoretical knowledge – it is necessary to integrate theory and practice, develop professional competencies, and form a value-based attitude to work and personal qualities necessary for future professional activity. It becomes obvious that it is necessary to form a student’s professional and work experience as one of the key results of the educational process. In the course of the theoretical study, a working definition of a student’s professional and work experience was proposed as an integral result of the educational process, expressed in the formation of sustainable professional motivation, a system of specialized knowledge and skills, as well as experience in solving professional problems in a real production environment. The structure of professional and work experience includes four interrelated components: motivational (characterizes the system of value orientations, motives and attitudes of the individual in relation to professional activity), cognitive (includes professional knowledge necessary for the implementation of work activity), activity (reflects the formation of professional skills and abilities, the ability to solve professional problems) and reflexive (expresses the student's ability to analyze and evaluate his/her professional activity, identify his/her strengths and weaknesses, plan his/her own professional development). The concept of labor education is aimed at developing a responsible attitude to work, professional motivation and readiness to perform production tasks. Professional and work experience is formed in the process of educational, research, project, industrial and extracurricular activities. Particular attention should be paid to mentoring, industrial practice and independent work of students. The formation of students' professional and work experience requires a targeted organization of the educational environment, integration of various types of activities and development of personal qualities. This approach ensures the successful adaptation of graduates to the requirements of the modern labor sphere, promotes their professional self-realization and effective entry into the professional community.