Chibrik T.S., Lukina N.V.
MIKORIZA ON THE DIFFERENT-AGED DUMPS OF ACCERMANOVSKY IRON-SOLID DEPOSIT (STEPPE ZONE) ^{[№ 12 ' 2017]}
Mycorrhiza is the most important symbiosis in which plants and fungi are involved. When environmental conditions change, the equilibrium in natural complexes shifts, including mycorrhizal disturbances. Such violations lead to serious consequences, such as degradation of plant communities, reduced availability of elements necessary for plants. One example of such territories is industrial dumps. The restoration of vegetation on heaps is extremely slow. In this connection, a great interest is the study of mycorrhizas in plant communities that are formed on disturbed lands. The features of mycorrhiza formation of herbaceous species in plant communities formed in the process of self-growth at different-aged (3–36-year-old) sections of the Ackerman iron ore deposit dumps located in the Orenburg region (steppe zone) are studied. The rocks of the dumps are characterized by a very low content of elements of mineral nutrition available for plants: nitrogen, carbon, phosphorus. Studies have shown that in the roots of most herbaceous plants there is arbuscular mycorrhiza. In plant communities of 3–20-year-old dumps mycorrhizal species constitute 35.3–44.0 %, by the age of 27 their proportion increases to 90.9 %. All the studied mycotrophic species belong to weakly-microtrophic species. The low proportion of mycorrhizal plants and the poor development of mycorrhizas in plants growing on dumps in the steppe zone is due to the inadequate content of elements of mineral nutrition in rocks forming dumps, high rockiness of rocks, and insufficient moisture. It has been established that mycorrhizal parameters depend on edaphic conditions and on the degree of formation of plant communities.

Chibrik T.S., Lukina N.V.
THE HERBACEOUS SPECIESMYCORRHIZA FORMATIONON THE DIFFERENT AGENICKEL DEPOSIT DUMPS ^{[№ 10 ' 2015]}
The study of mycorrhiza features formation of herbaceous species in plant communities, emerging in the process of overgrowing 8 different ages (4–36 year olds) Cheremshansky mine dumps Ufaley nickel deposit, located 15 km north-east of VerchnyUfaley, Chelyabinsk region are presented in the article. The species dumps consist mainly of weathered serpentinite submitted clay material and boulders equally reaction (pH) varies from slightly alkaline to neutral, the availability of nitrogen and phosphates available is very low, the exchange of potassium — medium and high. Vegetation survey showed that 4–6 year old dumps is the formation of plant groups represented by single individuals and weed-ruderal meadow weed species. In the 11–36-year-olds dumps formed the forest communities, with the dominance of Pinussylvestris L., Betulapendula Roth. The grassy projective cover tier depends on the degree and stony substrate. The studies have shown that the roots of most herbaceous plants there arbuscularmycorrhiza presented aseptate fungal hyphae, vesicles and arbuskules. With increasing age of the dumps and degree of development of plant communities growing proportion mycotrophic species. In the 4–6-year-old young dumps share mycotrophic kinds of 52.4–58.8 %, on a 11–36-year old dumps — 91.7–100 %, reaching a value characteristic of the natural phytocenoses. Indicators such as the degree of mycotrophic, frequency of mycorrhiza, mycorrhizal infection rate also increases with increasing age dumps and depend on the environmental conditions (degree of stony and moistening of the substrate).