Bezrukavaya M.V., Baskova Y.S.
THE CONCEPT OF THE PERSON IN L. ULITSKAYA’S NOVELS ^{[№ 7 ' 2017]}
This article analyzes the concept of a person in the novels by L. Ulitskaya: “Daniel Stein, translator”, “Green Pavilion”, “Jacob’s Ladder”. The choice of novels is determined not only by the significance of their perception in literary criticism, but also by the fact that they pay a special attention to the problem of the human due to their chronotope and worldview activity. The authors examine in the article the main dominants that form the ideological and artistic concept of personality in the novels by L. Ulitskaya. Firstly, this is the denial of the “dogmatic person”: in each text there is a systemic criticism of consciousness firmly locked in its intolerance and the desire to condemn other ways of developing the inner world. Secondly, it is the apology of the universal person, a vivid example of which is Daniel Stein, addressed to people and striving to saturate the surrounding world with actual benefits. Thirdly, this is the permissible ambivalence, describing which L. Ulitskaya emphasizes the relativity of the word, the illusory nature of the dogma and the special mission of the cause. Fourthly, this is the introduction of the concept of a “new Christian”, showing that life is more complex and more significant than any dogmatic teaching. Fifth, it is cultural centrism, due to the fact that the center of the novels is formed by characters with solid cultural experience and intellectual baggage. And, finally, sixthly, it is personalism, associated with a special attention to the gender aspects of human development. The main revealed tendencies of the human concept in L. Ulitskaya’s novels indicate that a person should seek his way in the world, developing himself in accordance with the world experience, which unites the person completely with the democratic vector of development.

Bezrukavaya M.V., Baskova Y.S.
CONSTANTS OF L. ULITSKAYA'S IDEOLOGICAL AND ARTISTIC WORLD ^{[№ 7 ' 2016]}
In this article the authors present the ideological and artistic world of L. Ulitskaya through its constant signs — the key moments of the author's poetics. Fiction writer's universe has a certain centre, reproduced in most works. The study is based on three novels: ‘Daniel Stein, the Translatorr,’ ‘Green pavillion’ and ‘Jacob's Ladder’. The paper solves such problems as the poetics of the title, features of compositional model, specifics of author's discourse and explores the artistic foundations of L. Ulitskaya's method. Considering the poetics of the title, the authors point to one of the dominant features of L. Ulitskaya's poetics — mandatory historicism. The writer is primarily interested in the twentieth century as a tragic era of existential proportions. The key to L. Ulitskaya's compositional model can be labeled as ‘whole life’. The novel is a comprehensive reconstruction of the way of life to reality, which became the object of analysis and the form of a kind of teaching. Female narrative is central in these works, which suggests the gender kind of a ‘mass’ novel. Gender in L. Ulitskaya's novels is a form of protection against supersystems claiming the consciousness of a human being, his freedom. The problem of ‘whole life’ in the author's novels, which is formed within the linearity/non-linearity of narration, literary theologising, correlation of Jewish themes with the problem of universality can be considered as a manifestation of a general trend that can be called ‘liberal discourse’, which appears not ideological construct but the very form of the text, the system of artistic techniques. The combination of ‘liberal discourse’ with monologism is not a paradox, but the basis of the poetic principle of L. Ulitskaya's novels — ‘life as a school’.