October 2015, № 10 (185)

Sandakova G.N., Eliseev V.I. EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF WEATHER CONDITIONS AND MINERAL NUTRITION ON THE YIELD OF SPRING WHEAT IN THE URALS REGION OF ORENBURGOrenburg region is one of the leading regions for the production of spring wheat. This culture is more demanding to the edaphic-climatic conditions and agrotechnical methods of cultivation and yields to the yields of spring soft wheat. Fluctuations in weather lead to high variability of yield across years. Due to this being the constant search for agronomic techniques of cultivation, providing improvement of its productivity. Great importance is attached to improving nutrition spring durum wheat by applying mineral fertilizers. Previous research was conducted on the basis of short-term experiments. Identifying the benefits of different types, doses and combinations of mineral nutrients on the yield of spring durum wheat in long-term stationary experiment taking into account the meteorological conditions of this area is relevant for today. The basis for the study was taken many years (1974–2013 years) experimental data on the yield of spring durum wheat, obtained in a stationary experiment with different types and doses of mineral fertilizers on soils of ordinary Chernozem of the Central zone of the region, and agro-meteorological data for the same period of time. Influence of weather factors on the efficiency of different mineral nutrients was assessed by changes in the level of productivity on the average in the favorable and dry years, and using the hydrothermal coefficient (SCC) to assess the drought areas. Evaluation of the relations of yield with weather factors and elements of mineral nutrition carried out using methods of mathematical modeling. The mathematical regression models of the effect of weather factors and elements of mineral nutrition on the yield of spring durum wheat identified by their quantitative values, determining the formation of high yield and efficiency of introduced fertilizers. To increase the stability of production of hard wheat and effectiveness of implementing agrotechnical measures, in particular of mineral nutrition, it is necessary to consider the peculiarities of the weather of the upcoming season, presents the regression model can be applied in practice to develop recommendations for the production of spring wheat in different weather conditions.Key words: durum wheat, yield, weather, fertilizers, regression model.

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About this article

Authors: Sandakova G.N., Eliseev V.I.

Year: 2015

Editor-in-chief

Sergey Aleksandrovich
MIROSHNIKOV

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